Nobel Prize in Medicine awarded to scientists who laid foundation for messenger RNA vaccines.

诺贝尔医学奖授予为信使核糖核酸（mRNA）奠定础的科学家。

This one uses messenger RNA. A new technology which poses a major challenge for storage and transportation of the vaccine.

利用的是信使RNA。这是一项对存和运输产生重大挑战的新技术。

The money will help produce new messenger RNA vaccines in Africa.

这笔资金将帮助在非洲生产新的信使RNA。

The two vaccines at the forefront of this wave, which use messenger RNA to carry the genetic code for the coronavirus spike protein, reported an amazing efficacy — roughly 95%.

处于这一浪潮前沿的两种使用信使 RNA 来携带冠状病毒尖峰蛋白的遗传密码，报告了惊人的疗效——大 95%。

We will see two special types of RNA: messenger RNA, which is known as mRNA, and transfer RNA, which is known as tRNA.

我们将看到两种特殊类型的 RNA：信使 RNA，称为 mRNA，和转运 RNA，称为 tRNA。

Enzymes in the nucleus find the right section of DNA, then create a copy of these instructions, called messenger RNA.

在细胞核内的酶发现DNA合适的部，然后复制这些指令，这些指令副本，称为信使RNA。

It happens when a handful of genes on chromosome 15 aren't transcribed into messenger RNA and therefore aren't expressed.

普拉德-威利综合征是由于15号染色体上部未转录表达所致。

Yes, indeed. This is the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, which is made with a novel technology called messenger RNA.

对，没错。这是辉瑞和德国生物技术公司合作研发的，由名为信使核糖核酸的新技术制成。

The messenger RNA travels to a ribosome.

信使RNA前往核糖体。

They tested the concept by having mice breathe in genetic material called messenger RNA, or mRNA.

他们让老鼠吸入被称为信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的遗传物质，以此来测试这一概念。

This means the code from the DNA needs to be copied and carried across to the ribosome by a molecule called messenger RNA or mRNA before the protein can be made.

这意味着在制造蛋白质之前，需要复制来自 DNA 的代码，并通过一种称为信使 RNA 或 mRNA 的子传递到核糖体。

The messenger RNA leaves the nucleus to carry out its orders.

信使RNA离开细胞核执行任务。

Some of the COVID-19 vaccines are mRNA or messenger RNA vaccines, which are really cool.

一些新冠病毒是mRNA，真的很酷。

To find out the researchers sequenced each cell's messenger RNA, which reflects active genes.

为了找出答案，研究人员对每个细胞的信使RNA进行了测序，这反映了活跃的。

This messenger RNA turns out to be the reality behind the mysterious “florigen.”

这个信使 RNA 原来是神秘的“成花素” 背后的现实。

It stands for messenger RNA, and basically it's part of our cellular architecture.

它代表信使RNA，本上它是构成我们细胞结构的一部。

I think the thing that strikes me about this is there is a real technological breakthrough here, which is messenger RNA is a remarkable new way to develop vaccines and to develop drugs.

我认为这一点让我印象深刻的是， 这里确实有一个技术突破，信使RNA是一种开发和药物的了不起的新方法。

They tested the concept by having mice breathe in genetic material called messenger RNA, or mRNA. For the test, the mRNA included instructions to manufacture luciferase—the stuff that lights up in fireflies.

他们通过让老鼠吸入称为信使 RNA 或 mRNA 的遗传物质来测试这个概念。为了进行测试， mRNA 包含制造荧光素酶的说明——荧光素酶是萤火虫体内会发光的物质。

So if you get super interested in messenger RNA and you want to learn about it, well, you buy some Moderna stock.

所以如果你对信使RNA特别感兴趣， 想了解更多，那就买一些莫德纳的股票。

Remember we start with DNA and that DNA eventually makes messenger RNA, mRNA, which eventually makes proteins and those eventually make you.

记住，我们从DNA开始， DNA最终会制造出信使RNA（mRNA），而mRNA最终会制造出蛋白质， 这些蛋白质最终构成了你。