In 1999, a patient treated for a rare metabolic disorder at the University of Pennsylvania died.

1999年，一名在宾夕法尼亚大学接受罕见代谢紊乱疗的患者去世。

Other causes include metabolic disorders like nonketotic hyperglycemia; and mutations in the genes coding for normal development of the neurons.

其他原因包括代谢紊乱，如非酮类高血糖症以及编码控制神经元正常育的基因生突变。

Compromised circadian rhythms are less effective at coordinating organ functioning and can incur health risks like metabolic disorders and vulnerable immune systems.

不稳定的生物规律影响器官的协调工作，会产生健康风险，像代谢紊乱和免疫系统弱化。

This can result in metabolic disorders, delayed development and cognitive impairment.

这会导致代谢紊乱、育迟和认知障碍。

Like what? It could be a metabolic disorder.

比如说？可能是代谢紊乱。

And it's obvious that a skill deficit in social ability, for example, isn't equivalent to a metabolic disorder.

很明显， 社交能力上的技能缺陷，并不等同于代谢紊乱。

Also, brain imaging (MRI is preferred) can identify potential structural abnormalities, and blood tests can be done to look for underlying metabolic or genetic disorders.

此外，大脑成像（最好是MRI）可以确定潜在的结构异常，验血可以寻找潜在的代谢或遗传。

Research does suggest that acetic acid can slow down the accumulation of body fat and prevent metabolic disorders in mice and rats.

研究确实表明，乙酸可以减和大体内脂肪的积累，并预防代谢紊乱。

This, of course, is an important function. Which is why things can go badly if this process doesn't work properly because of a metabolic disorder, like diabetes.

这当然是一个重要的功能。这就是为什么如果这个过程因为代谢紊乱而不能正常工作，比如糖尿，事情会变得很糟糕。

Incredibly, this can  affect our body through a dramatic cascade that can lead to metabolic and mood  disorders, and most severely: cancer.

不可思议的是， 这种影响会通过一系列连锁反应波及我们的身体， 可能导致代谢和情绪紊乱，最严重的情况下甚至会引癌症。

They think possibly even had a metabolic disorder called porphyria and wasn't mentally ill at all, but these were just symptoms of porphyria.

他们认为他可能患有称为卟啉的代谢紊乱， 根本不是精神，但这些只是卟啉的症状。

Heavier individuals tend to have higher blood pressure, higher risks of heart disease, and a greater chance for metabolic disorders like Type 2 diabetes.

较重的人往往有较高的血压、较高的心脏风险以及较高的患 2 型糖尿等代谢性的机会。

But let me start by asking you how you lay out your conceptualization of metabolic disorder and what implications you think that has for the diagnosis and further understanding and treatment of so-called mental disorders.

但让我先问你，你是如何构建代谢紊乱的概念框架的，你认为这对所谓的精神的诊断、进一步理解和疗有哪些影响？