We lose the smallest cells in the covering of the mucosa.

我们失去了粘覆盖层中最小细胞。

But of course it's much more than just a storage tank — it's lined with the same four main layers found through most of the GI tract — the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa — but it's got a few special modifications.

当然，不仅仅是一个储存罐。内衬着与大部分胃肠道相同四个主要层——粘、粘下层、外肌层和浆——但有一些特殊修改。

Going deeper past that layer you've got the basement membrane and loose connective tissue, called the lamina propria—which together with the epithelium makes up the mucosa.

更深层由基底细胞和疏松结缔组织组成，被称为基底层，和上皮层一起组成了气道黏层。

Once rhinovirus has been introduced to the respiratory mucosa, it targets cell surface receptors expressed at the surface of nasal epithelial cells.

一旦病毒被进入呼吸道粘，目标是在上皮细胞达细胞受体。

Hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen are useful for digestion, but they can be quite aggressive for the delicate mucosa.

盐酸和胃蛋白酶原有助于消化，但们对脆弱粘很有侵袭性。

The path of physiology of CSOM begins with irritation and subsequent inflammation of the middle ear mucosa.

CSOM 生理学途径始于中耳粘刺激和随后炎症。

Now, to prevent the hydrochloric acid from the stomach from damaging the intestinal mucosa, enteroendocrine cells also secrete another hormone, called secretin, which stimulates the pancreatic duct cells to secrete water and bicarbonate.

为了避免胃部产生胃酸对小肠粘造成损伤，小肠内分泌细胞还可分泌胰泌素；可以刺激胰腺导管细胞分泌水和碳酸氢盐。

Beyond the mucosa, there is smooth muscle followed by more connective tissue, and together, these two layers make up the submucosa and this is where the bronchial mucinous glands live.

黏层外是平滑肌细胞，之后是更多结缔组织，这两层共同组成粘下层，是黏液腺所在之处。

The bladder wall consists of three layers — an inner mucosa, surrounded by a thick muscular layer called the detrusor wrapped in a fibrous, protective outer membrane.

膀胱壁由三层组成——内粘，被一层厚厚叫做逼尿肌肌肉层包围，这层肌肉层包裹在纤维状保护性外中。

Nasal Polyp are fleshy swellings that develop in the lining mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses, air-filled spaces, linked to the nasal cavity.

息肉是在与腔相连腔和窦（充满空气间隙）内壁黏中增生肉质肿胀。

For example, after a dental procedure that leaves a rough tooth surface, or a broken tooth rubbing against the mucosa.

比如，某次牙科治疗使牙齿变变得粗糙，或者某颗坏掉牙齿不断摩擦黏。

On the other hand, rhinoviruses commonly infect the epithelium of the respiratory mucosa, which lines the nasal cavity.

另一方，病毒通常会感染腔周围呼吸道粘上皮细胞。

In the layers of the bladder wall are a mucosa layer that has a transitional epithelium, which is stretchy and allows the bladder to distend while maintaining a barrier between urine and the body.

膀胱壁多层结构中粘层为变移上皮，变移上皮富有弹性，使膀胱扩张同时，保证尿液不进入组织液。

Persistent acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa, causing local inflammation, or esophagitis.

持续性酸反流会损害食管粘，引起局部炎症，即食管炎。

In the bronchioles you've got the lumen, the mucosa which includes the inner lining of epithelial cells as well as the lamina propria, and the submucosa which is where the smooth muscle lives.

在细支气管内，有腔体、粘（包括上皮细胞内层、固有层），以及粘下层，也就是平滑肌所在地方。

And the inner mucosa is made up almost entirely of mucous cells, which produce a protective coat that keeps the stomach tissues from getting digested along with your lunch.

内层粘几乎完全由粘细胞组成，粘细胞产生保护层，防止胃组织随着你午餐被消化。

Causes It is caused by dental infection or tooth abscess, involving molars and premolars, as well as submandibular sialadenitis, injuries to oral mucosa, and mandibular fracture.

病因原因是牙齿感染或牙齿脓肿，累及磨牙和前磨牙，同时伴有下颌下涎腺炎、口腔黏损伤和下颌骨折。

When the virus comes in contact with the respiratory mucosa or the skin of a new person, it starts replicating in the epithelial cells.

病毒进入新感染者呼吸道粘或皮肤，随即开始了在上皮细胞中复制。

Once the measles virus gets onto the mucosa of an unsuspecting person, it quickly starts to infect the epithelial cells in the trachea or bronchi.

一旦麻疹病毒进入一个毫无戒备人粘，很快就会开始感染气管或支气管上皮细胞。

The mucosa is a very wet layer that helps protect the inside of your nose and sinuses and humidifies the air you breathe.

黏非常湿润，有助于保护你子和窦内侧，并使你呼吸空气变得湿润。