The analysis reveals that the noncooperative games between developers are not Pareto Optimality, while cooperative games are generally Pareto Optimality.

通析可知，开发商之间非合作弈都不是帕累托最优，而合作弈通常都是帕累托最优。

Bargaining situations are examples of cooperative games. As with noncooperative games, in bargaining one can sometimes gain a strategic advantage by limiting one's flexibility.

“讨价还价”这种情况就是合作竞争例子。在非合作弈中，“讨价还价”方就可以通限制对方适应性而获得策略优势。