Another structure found in the cytoplasm is the nucleoid which is an irregularly shaped region that contains the cell's chromosome.

在胞质中发现的结构是拟核，是包含遗传物质的不规则形状域。

Additionally to the genetic material contained within the nucleoid, many bacteria contain extra chromosomal DNA molecules called plasmids.

除了包含在拟核中的遗传物质外，菌含有额外的DNA分子，称为质粒。

The cytoplasm contains ribosomes which are the site of protein synthesis, the nucleoid which contains the genetic material, and plasmids which contain genes that confer a selective advantage to the bacterium.

胞质中含有核糖体，它们是蛋白质合成的部位；拟核含有遗传物质以及质粒；质粒含有赋予菌选择性优势的基因。