Collectively, by the way, these particles are known as nucleons.

顺便说一下， 这些粒子统为核子。

Because of this, we’ll often refer the two particles collectively as nucleons.

因此，我们经常将这两个粒子统为核子。

Because of this, we'll often refer the two particles collectively as nucleons.

因此，我们常常将两种粒子的集合体当作原子核。

Topics that people use muons for range from fundamental constants of nature, basic symmetries, weak nucleon and nuclear interactions.

人们使用 μ 子的主范围从自然的基本常数、基本、弱核子和核相互作用。

But even though those numbers of nucleons add up, remember: Mass and energy are equivalent.

但即便核中的数字被加总了，还是要记得：质能守恒。

Now, a unique part of beta decay is that no nucleons are emitted during the decay process.

现在，一个beta衰变的特别部分是当衰变产生时没有一个核子。

The mass number is just the total number of nucleons in the nucleus, which is different from atomic mass.

质量数只是原子核中核子的总数， 它不同于原子质量。

But while the total binding energy still increases for nuclei larger than iron, the binding energy per nucleon, in fact, decreases.

但是，虽然于比铁大的原子核，总结合能仍然增加，但实际上每个核子的结合能却降低了。

While the strong force acts on nucleons, the weak force alters quarks, the fundamental particles that make up both protons and neutrons.

当强力作用于核子时，弱力改变了夸克，夸克是构成质子和中子的基本粒子。

Now, to dislodge one of those nucleons and unleash that energy there are two general types of nuclear reactions: fission and fusion.

现在，要驱逐其中一个核子并释放能量， 有两种一般类型的核反应：裂变和聚变。

That energy is what we mean when we talk about nuclear energy, the binding energy that's released when a nucleon is removed from its nucleus.

当我们谈论核能时，这种能量就是我们所说的能量，即当核子从其原子核中移除时释放的结合能。

Specifically the mass of the nucleus, exactly 15.99 atomic mass units, is lower than the mass of its individual nucleons put together, in this case 16.13 amu's.

具体来说，原子核的质量恰好是 15. 99 个原子质量单位，低于其单个核子的质量总和， 在本例中为 16. 13 amu。

The amount of energy required to break up a nucleus into its component particles gets larger as the atomic number increases, with iron having one of the highest binding energies per nucleon.

随着原子序数的增加，将原子核分解成其组成粒子所需的能量会变大，铁是每个核子结合能最高的物质之一。

This decay occurs because the parent nucleus is too large, and the strong force is no longer sufficient to hold all the nucleons together.

发生这种衰变是因为母核太大，强力不再足以将所有核子聚集在一起。