The premise of organoids and assembloids is that they will slowly allow us to gain new insights into the hidden biology of the human brain.

类器官和类组装体的前景在于它们将让我们慢慢地对隐藏在人类大脑内部的生物学获得新的见解。

The organoids happily churned out the chemical components of enamel.

类器官愉快地泌出了牙釉质的化学。

Brain organoids and human–animal hybrid brains could reveal the mechanisms underlying these illnesses, and allow researchers to test therapies for conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

类脑器官和人兽杂交大脑可以揭示这些疾病的潜在机制，并允许研究人员测试精神裂症和双相情感障碍等疾病的治疗方法。

Those cells then grew in number to form organoids that resemble the cerebral cortex, the human brain's outermost layer.

之后这些细胞量不断增加，从而形类似于大脑皮层的类器官，大脑皮层是人类大脑的最外层。

" This is the first demonstration of using brain organoids [for computing], " Guo told MIT Technology Review.

冯国告诉《麻省理工科技评论》，“这是使用大脑类器官进行计算的首次演示。”

I do the work that I do because the promise and hope of brain assembloids and organoids is that by allowing us to recreate circuits of the human brain, we will gain new insights into human biology.

我做我所做的工作是因为大脑类组装体和类器官给予了我们希望，让我们可以通过重建人脑回路来获得对于人类生物学的新见解。

The tiny structures looked the same as any other brain organoids grown in a dish, but when the researchers transplanted them into rats, they did not grow as large as others and their neurons didn't fire in the same way.

这些微小的结构看起来和在培养皿中生长的其他大脑器官一样，但当研究人员将它们移植到大鼠体内时，它们没有长得像其他大鼠那样大，它们的神经元也不以同样的方式放电。

The hope is that, one day, medical versions of the team's organoids could be used as biological implants, to regenerate a patient's decayed teeth.

希望有一天，该团队医学版本的类器官可以用作生物植入物，以帮助患者的蛀牙新生。

To examine how the idea might be useful for studying human health, scientists transplanted organoids into both sides of a rat's brain.

为了检验这一想法对研究人类健康是否有用，科学家将类器官移植到老鼠大脑的两侧。

Under the right laboratory conditions, organoids can be made to look and even work similarly to real human tissue and organs.

在适当的实验室条件下，可以培养出与真正的人体组织和器官外观和功能相似的类器官。

The research builds upon the team's earlier work creating brain " organoids."

这项研究建立在该团队早期创造大脑“类器官”的工作基础上。

Human brain cells mature much more slowly than rat cells, so the researchers had to wait for more than six months for the organoids to become fully integrated into the rat brains.

人类的大脑细胞熟要比大鼠的细胞慢得多，所以研究人员等待了6个多月，才能让类器官完全融入老鼠的大脑。

Organoids have been made to represent organs such as the liver, kidneys and prostate.

制造类器官是为了替代肝脏、肾脏和前列腺等器官。

An artificial intelligence (AI) tool was used to help read the neural activity of the organoid.

人工智能工具被用来帮助读取类器官的神经活动。

She adds that concerns about human organoids need to be weighed against the needs of people with neurological and psychiatric disorders.

她补充，需要综合权衡对人类类器官的担忧，和神经和精神疾病患者的需求。

The team made brain-like tissue that took the form of what they called a " brain organoid."

该团队制造出了类似大脑的组织，他们称之为“类大脑器官”。

To make the brain organoids, Stanford University scientists changed human skin cells into stem cells.

为了制造大脑类器官，斯坦福大学的科学家将人类皮肤细胞转变为干细胞。

The next step, Arlotta adds, will be to work out how individual human neurons — not just fully developed organoids — are integrated into the rat brain.

Arlotta 补充说道，下一步将是研究个体的人类神经元——而不仅仅是完全发育的类器官——是如何融合到大鼠的大脑中的。

Neurons from the organoids formed working connections with the brain.

类器官中的神经元与大脑形了工作连接。

He added, " It's exciting to see the possibilities of organoids for biocomputing in the future."

“看到类器官在未来用于生物计算的可能性是令人兴奋的。”