Photoreceptors contain thousands of molecules called photopigments, which are sensitive to particular colors.

感光细胞含有数千被称为感光色素的分子，这些分子特定颜色敏感。

Most jumping spiders only have green-sensitive and UV-sensitive photopigments in their retinas.

大多数跳蛛的视网膜中仅含有色和紫外线敏感的光色素。

In this state, photopigments can't absorb light well and need to regenerate.

在这状态下，光色素吸收光的能力减弱，需要生。

When a light-photon strikes a pigment, part of the photopigment's structure, known as chromophore, absorbs the energy by temporarily altering its molecular structure in a process called bleaching.

当光线光子撞击色素时，光色素结构的一部分，称为发色团，通过暂时改变其分子结构来吸收能量，这一过程称为漂白。

And, to throw in a small twist from genetic evidence, there was a study from 2012 that looked at the evolution of photopigments in the eye that detect color.

而且， 从基因证据中加入一个小转折，2012年有一项研究探讨了眼睛中检测颜色的视蛋白的化。

Rather than evolving new photopigments, they added an internal filter to some of their green-sensitive cone cells, which cuts out green light and forces those cells to respond only to longer wavelengths like red.

它们并未化出新的光色素，而是在部分光敏感的视锥细胞中加入了一个内部滤光器，这个滤光器能阻挡光， 迫使这些细胞只红色等更长波长的光产生反应。