Photoreceptors contain thousands of molecules called photopigments, which are sensitive to particular colors.

感光细胞含有数千被称为感光素的分，分对特定颜敏感。

Most jumping spiders only have green-sensitive and UV-sensitive photopigments in their retinas.

大多数跳蛛的视网膜中仅含有对绿和紫外线敏感的光素。

In this state, photopigments can't absorb light well and need to regenerate.

在状态下，光素吸收光的能力减弱，需要进行再生。

When a light-photon strikes a pigment, part of the photopigment's structure, known as chromophore, absorbs the energy by temporarily altering its molecular structure in a process called bleaching.

当光线光撞击素时，光素结构的一部分，称为，通过暂时改变其分结构来吸收能量，一过程称为漂白。

And, to throw in a small twist from genetic evidence, there was a study from 2012 that looked at the evolution of photopigments in the eye that detect color.

而且， 从基因证据中加入一个小转折，2012年有一项研究探讨了眼睛中检测颜的视蛋白的进化。

Rather than evolving new photopigments, they added an internal filter to some of their green-sensitive cone cells, which cuts out green light and forces those cells to respond only to longer wavelengths like red.

它们并未进化出新的光素，而是在部分对绿光敏感的视锥细胞中加入了一个内部滤光器，个滤光器能阻挡绿光， 迫使细胞只对红等更长波长的光产生反应。