I'm gonna clamp the aorta proximal and distal to the tear.

我现在要钳住伤口附近主动脉近端和远端。

Another example is Fanconi syndrome, which is where the proximal convoluted tubule essentially loses its capacity to reabsorb a variety of solutes - including phosphate - once again letting it get excreted in the urine.

另一个例子是范可尼综合征，即近曲小管基本上失去了重新吸收各种溶质（包括磷酸盐）的能力，导致磷酸盐通过尿液排出。

Around week 8 of development the neuroblasts get to the proximal colon of the gut, and then they pass through the distal colon, and around week 12 they finally the reach the rectum.

在胚胎发育的第8周左右，神经母细胞到达肠道的结肠近端，之后穿过结肠远端； 在第12周左右到达直肠。

The giant cell tumor typically arises in the epiphysis of the long bones, like the distal femur and the proximal tibia.

骨巨细胞瘤通常位于长骨骨骺，比如股骨远端与胫骨近端。

So, let's trace the whole process, starting at the top, with the proximal convoluted tubule or PCT.

所，我们追踪整个过程，从顶部开，用近端卷曲小管或 PCT。

The infrared spectroscopy matched paint fragments in the head wound to the proximal line of pipe wrenches.

红外光谱显示死者头部伤口的油漆残片与管钳的近似线吻合。

These two make their way to the nephron of the kidney, and at this point in the proximal convoluted tubule, phosphate usually gets reabsorbed back into the blood via sodium-phosphate cotransporters.

随着这一对离子进入肾脏的肾单位之中，在近曲小管处，磷酸盐通常被重新吸收，经由钠-磷协同转运蛋白重新入血。

Chondrosarcoma mainly affects bones of the pelvis, but can also affect long bones like the proximal femur and proximal humerus.

软骨肉瘤主要影响骨盆的骨骼，但也可影响长骨，例如股骨近端、肱骨近端。

Now, these two make their way to the nephron of the kidney, and at this point in the proximal convoluted tubule, phosphate usually gets reabsorbed back into the blood via sodium-phosphate cotransporters.

接下来，他们到达了肾小管的肾单位处，在近曲小管的这里，磷酸盐常通过钠-磷协转运蛋白被重新吸收到血液中。

For osteomalacia and rickets, the key symptoms are diffuse bone and joint pain, proximal muscle weakness, bone fragility, and increased risk of fractures with minimal trauma.

骨软化症和佝偻病的共同症状包括弥漫性骨和关节痛、近端肌肉无力、骨脆，及轻微外力即可引起骨折。

After that, about 67% is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule, and an additional 20% is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb, and that leaves about 13% of the initial amount, right?

之后，其中大概67%在近曲小管被重吸收，另外还有20%在粗支升段被重吸收，所只剩下了原量的13%，对吧。

With both rickets and osteomalacia, symptoms include diffuse bone and joint pain, proximal muscle weakness, bone fragility, and increased risk of fractures with minimal trauma.

患佝偻病或骨软化症时，会有弥漫性骨或关节疼痛、近端肌肉无力、骨脆，及即使是轻微碰撞也可能导致骨折。

And this is called forced diuresis and it essentially overwhelms the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron with so much fluid that it's unable to effectively reabsorb solutes, including phosphate.

这叫强迫利尿，它会使近曲小管充盈大量液体，至于不能有效地重新吸收溶质，包括磷酸盐。

And yeah, I mean, I've seen good results, at least the proximal joints with that.

是的，我的意思是，通过这种方法，我看到了良好的效果，至少近端关节是如此。

So it will detect sugars more in the proximal intestine, but fibers or fermented byproducts more in the distal intestine or in the colon, like short-chain fatty acids, butyrate, propionate.

所它会在近端小肠更敏感地检测到糖分，但在远端小肠或结肠中则会更多地检测到纤维或发酵副产品，比如短链脂肪酸、丁酸和丙酸。

His zone of proximal development theory, which states that children require the help of adults or older children to complete some tasks, served as a response to Piaget.

他的最近发展区理论认为，儿童需要成人的帮助或其他大龄儿童的帮助才能完成某些任务，这一理论是对皮亚杰的回应。

And if they see someone who embodies that, especially if it's in the zone of proximal development, it's something they could achieve.

而且如果他们看到有人体现了这一点，特别是如果这人处于最近发展区，那么他们也能达成这样的目标。

So we have to make a distinction between picking and choosing, or proximal acts of choosing and distal acts of choosing.

因此， 我们必须区分挑选和选择，或者近端选择行为和远端选择行为。

And you use something called proximal policy optimization, which is a method of training neural nets using reinforcement learning.

你采用了名为“近端策略优化” 的技术，这是一种利用强化学习训练神经网络的方法。

Your proximal and middle phalanx are broken.

你的指骨断了两根。