In the mid-1930s they began rearming Germany, recruiting hundreds of thousands of soldiers into the military and building thousands of tanks, fighter planes and bombers.
Earlier, United Nations peacekeepers fired shots in the air to disperse thousands of protesters calling for the rearming of the military and resignation of President Catherine Samba-Panza.
Short of a promise to defend Ukraine directly, ideas include the ability to " snap back" any sanctions on Russia that are lifted; and rearming Ukraine quickly if it is attacked again.
Although Britain was rearming rapidly, the rearmament programme would not be complete until 1941, and in the meantime, Chamberlain continued in his efforts to preserve peace through diplomacy.