Some ribosomes float free in the cytoplasm, while others are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

一些核糖体游离于细胞质中，而另一些则附着在内质上。

The endoplasmic reticulum helps transport proteins made by the ribosomes to the Golgi apparatus.

内质会将核糖体合成蛋白质运到高尔基体。

And meanwhile, those calcium pumps are working hard to restock the calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

与此同时，这些钙泵正在努力补充肌中钙。

The one that I want to talk about more specifically is called endoplasmic reticulum.

我特别想谈论内质。

Because, remember, the relaxation period of a twitch is when all the calcium is being pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

因为，记住，抽搐放松期所有钙都泵入肌时候。

Endoplasmic reticulum has two different parts to it.

内质有两个不同部分。

There can be as many as 10 million ribosomes in a human cell, all studded along a ribbon-like structure, called the endoplasmic reticulum.

人类细胞可能有多达千万个核糖体，沿着一个带状结构排列，这个带状结构称为内质。

And so what does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do?

糙面内质功能什么？

And so endoplasmic reticulum is just one organelle inside eukaryotic cells.

内质只真核细胞内一种细胞器。

Example of one thing that does both of these is the endoplasmic reticulum.

一个既能实现这一点又能实现那一点例子内质。

Material is made in the endoplasmic reticulum.

物质在内质中制造。

That's definitely going to be the endoplasmic reticulum.

那肯定内质。

Misfolded alpha-1 antitrypsin can aggregate and get stuck in the endoplasmic reticulum of the liver hepatocytes where it's made, causing some of those cells to die.

错误折叠α-1抗胰蛋白酶可聚集并阻塞于肝细胞内质中，即α-1抗胰蛋白酶产生地方，导致其中一部分肝细胞死亡。

In addition, most of the intracellular calcium is stored within organelles like the mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and is released selectively just when it's needed.

另外，大多数细胞内钙储存在细胞器中，比如线粒体、光面内质，当需要时候，它们会选择性地释放。

Well in general it takes information that's produced in the endoplasmic reticulum and then it shifts those to different parts of the cell.

总来说，它会把内质产生信息转移到细胞不同部分。

So if we work outward from that, right on the outside of that we have the ER, endoplasmic reticulum.

因此，如果我们从那里向外看，紧挨着外面就内质（ER）。

Golgi went on to propose that the brain is made up of a single network or reticulum of nerve fibres, through which signals pass unimpeded.

高尔基进而提出， 大脑由单一神经纤维络或状结构组成，信号可以无阻碍地通过这一络。

When the action potential travels down one of those tubes, it eventually triggers the voltage-sensitive proteins that are linked to those calcium channels on the cell's sarcoplasmic reticulum.

当动作电位通过其中一个管子时，它最终会触发与细胞肌上钙通道相连电压敏感蛋白。

When compared to eukaryotic cells, the structure of bacteria is less complex due to a lack of nucleus and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complexes.

与真核细胞相比，细菌结构简单很多：缺少细胞核及膜包细胞器，例如线粒体、内质与高尔基体。

This right here would be the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

这右边就粗面内质。