But the Tokugawa warlords, the shoguns, went much further.

但德川军阀 幕府将军 做得远不止这些。

The tea house originally built in was used by shoguns and imperial court nobles who enjoyed the view and the relaxed atmosphere.

最初造的茶馆是供幕府将军和朝廷贵族使用的，他们喜欢这里的景色和轻松的氛围。

A Japanese military leader, a shogun, took a liking to Chinese noodles.

一位日本军方领导人，一位幕府将军，喜欢上了中国面条。

The Tokugawa shogun, head of the Japanese military government, requires all the regional rulers to alternate years between their castle town in the home domain and the capital city.

日本武家政府的最高领导者徳川将军要求所有地区的领主轮流往返领地与首府执行政务，进行 “参勤”。

The gardens were constructed in 1702 by Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu, a feudal lord and vassal to the shogun (military commander), who was inspired by the picturesque scenes in waka poetry.

这座庭园由江户时藩主柳泽吉保于1702年造，灵感源自和歌中描绘的如画景致。

Although he deserved it, Kira was still a powerful official of the shogun, not to mention that any kind of violence was forbidden at Edo Castle.

Kira罪有应得，但他仍是幕府将军的一个有权有势的官员，更不用说江户城禁止任何形式的暴力。

The shogun hated this and kept trying to regulate it, so in 1642 men playing women's roles were outlawed.

幕府对此深表不满并一直试图规范 因此在1642年 扮演女性角色的男性演员也被禁止。

His family (and, most importantly, his heir) stayed in Edo whenever the daimyo left to look after his fiefdom and they were basically hostages of the shogun to ensure that the lord behaved himself.

无论大名何时离开江户，他的家人(最重要的是，他的继承人)都会留在江户，可以说就是幕府将军的人质，以此来约束幕府领主的行为。

During the Edo period, Yoshimune, the eighth Tokugawa shogun (military commander), ordered the planting of sakura along both banks, forming a kilometer-long sakura boulevard running from Azumabashi Bridge to Sakurabashi Bridge.

江户时，第八德川将军吉宗下令在两岸种植樱花，形成从吾妻桥至樱桥长约一公里的樱花大道。

The true power was held by the shogun because he had command over the military.

真正的权力掌握在幕府将军手中，因为他手握兵权。

And the shogun exerted his power throughout the land with the help of 300 feudal lords called daimyo.

幕府将军在300位被称为“大名(日本封时的大领主)”的封领主的帮助下在全国范围内行使权力。

For several months at a time, every feudal lord took his family and his retainers and went to live in Edo where he served the shogun directly.

一连好几个月，每个封领主都要带着家人和侍从去江户居住，在那里直接侍奉幕府将军。

And then along come the shoguns and take practical power away from you.

后，将军们出现了，他们夺走了你的实际权力。

Kind of hinterland domain that would be easy to make fun of if you had heirs about yourself living in Edo, the grand capital of the shogun and all of that.

类似于乡下领地， 如果你在江户，将军的大本营生活， 并且有继承人的话， 这种领地很容易成为取笑的对象。

It's said that the shoguns who had ruled Japan for hundreds of years knew that their empire was about to fall and be replaced by the Japanese emperor.

据说，统治日本数百年的幕府将军都知道，他们的帝国即将没落，取而之的是日本天皇。

The Imperial line was cloistered in Kyoto the capital but real power was wielded by shoguns or military chieftans from the Takugawa.

天皇家族被软禁在京都这个首都，但真正的权力由德川幕府的将军或军事首领掌握。

The Charter Oath, 1868. During the long Edo period, Japan's feudal society was ruled by a dynastic series of shoguns, military dictators.

《五条誓文》， 1868年。 在漫长的江户时期，日本的封社会由一系列幕府将军，即军事独裁者统治。

The shogun's fear of Muramasa katanas cemented them in national memory, although probably not in the way that he hoped.

幕府将军对村正刀的恐惧深深烙印在了国民的忆中，尽管这可能并非他所期望的方式。

Powdered tea like matcha was expensive for the rich people or aristocrats or high-ranked warriors like samurai or shogun.

像抹茶这样的粉末茶，曾是富人、贵族或高级武士如武士或将军等阶层的奢侈品。

From the Egyptian pharaohs to the shoguns of Japan.

从埃及法老到日本幕府将军。