When you see the top of a storm cloud flattening out into the classic anvil shape, you are looking at the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere.
Much less is known about them, but in a way it is as if the Earth's mantle has weather patterns and mantle plumes are a little like hot air rising to form storm clouds.
Understanding what causes some tall storm clouds to inject smoke all the way into the stratosphere will be crucial to figuring out how much of an impact fires will have on ozone recovery, he says.
How dreadful it must have been in your day- wind and storms, clouds flying through the air, the ocean tossed and tom by the wind, snow thrown all over everything.