That can lead to an overactive pelvic floor, bladder pain, urgency, or urinary incontinence.

这可能会导致盆底肌松弛、膀胱痛、尿急或者尿失禁。

Now, there are a few types of urinary incontinence.

尿失禁分为几种。

They include impotence, erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, rectal tearing, fecal incontinence.

这些副作用包括， 起功能障碍，尿失禁，直肠撕裂，大便失禁。

Alright, as a quick recap, urinary incontinence occurs when urine involuntarily leaves the bladder —through the internal and external sphincter muscles.

得！快速回顾一下：尿失禁是指尿不自主地通过内外括约肌离开膀胱。

They can be physical, so that's hot flushes, joint pain, urinary incontinence, heavy periods.

它们可能是身体，如潮热、关节痛、尿失禁、经血过多。

Urinary incontinence is particularly problematic because it affects a person's personal hygiene as well as their social life in a way that can be very limiting.

尿失禁会很麻烦，因为它不仅影响个人卫生，还会限制社会生活。

Plaques can also involve the autonomic nervous system which can lead to bowel and bladder symptoms like constipation and urinary incontinence, as well as sexual symptoms like sexual dysfunction.

硬化斑也会影响自主神经系统，导致肠道与膀胱症状（便秘和尿失禁）和性功能障碍。

Obstetric Fistula, by the way, is a tear between the birth canal and rectum, caused by prolonged, obstructed labor which often results in infection and urinary incontinence.

顺便说一句，产科瘘是产道和直肠之间撕裂，由长时间、难产引起，通常会导致感染和尿失禁。

Finally, there are various conditions like diabetes, bladder cancer, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis, as well as procedures such as prostatectomy or hysterectomy that can damage the nerves involved with the micturition reflex, ultimately leading to urinary incontinence.

最后，还有多种疾病，如糖尿病、膀胱癌、帕金森病、多发性硬化，以及如前列腺摘除术或子宫切除术等手术，都有可能损伤排尿反射涉及神经，最终导致尿失禁。