The indication of these procedures and the methods of lymph node dissection, bronchoplasty and pulmonary artery reconstruction, and superior vena cava reconstruction have been discussed.
Conclusion We believe that LDLT combined with posthepatic IVC reconstruction using cryopreserved vena cava graft is considered to be a sound modality for IVC obstructed BCS.
Among them locally advanced lung cancer in 6 cases,malignant thymoma in 3,seminoma in 1,Hodgkin lymphoma in 1,metastatic squama cancer in and angusty of superior vena cava in 1.
Figure 9. Case 7. Additional vessel (purple) behind the 4-chamber view next to the aorta (red). This vessel represents an azygous or hemizygous continuation of an interrupted inferior vena cava.
Lastly, G is for great vessels which includes the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, ascending aorta, aortic arch, pulmonary artery, and descending aorta.
A Pancoast tumor in the right lung apex can also compress a large vein called the superior vena cava which drains blood from the head, upper chest, and arms.
The venae cavae has two divisions: the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava, and these divisions both return blood to the right atrium of the heart.
Now, the lower half of the body drains into the inferior vena cava and the upper half drains into the superior vena cava both of which dump blood back into the right atrium.