White blood cells, which are part of the immune system, and platelets, which help with bloodclotting at a site of injury, also float in plasma.

白细胞是人体免疫系统的一部分而血小板则在人体伤口处起到凝血作用，这两种血细胞也都漂浮在血浆上。

They get a quick white blood cell count which takes about half an hour to see whether or not they have bacterial pneumonia.

快速测量白细胞数量，大概半小时时，你是否有细菌性肺炎。

You've also got larger, infection-fighting white blood cells, or leukocytes in the mix, and your platelets, the small cell fragments needed for blood clotting so that a paper cut doesn't bleed you dry.

你还会有体积更大、抗感染的白细胞或白细胞，以及血小板，血小板是凝血所需的小细胞碎片，这样你不至于因为一个小小的纸割伤失血而亡。

So, when a germ gets inside and attacks your body, the immune system sees unusual foreign shapes on the surface, and then special cells in your body called white blood cells create antibodies that connect up.

所以，当细菌侵入并攻击你的身体时，你的免疫系统会发现这些外观上不寻常的异物，然后你身体中的特殊细胞，即白细胞，会产生连接起来的抗体。

Well, antibodies are made by white blood cells called b lymphocytes.

抗体是由一种叫做 b 淋巴细胞的白细胞产生的。

Hematopoiesis is the process of forming white blood cells, as well as red blood cells, and platelets and it takes place in the bone marrow.

造血是产生白细胞、红细胞和血小板的的过程，发生在骨髓中。

Along with white blood cells and antibodies, these are parts of your immune system.

白细胞和抗体属于免疫系统的一部分。

STEP 12 Get plenty of rest. Stress increases the amount of the hormone cortisol in your body, which can interfere with the white blood cells that fight off infections.

获得充足的休息。压力会增加体内的荷尔蒙皮质醇的水平，干扰抵抗感染的白细胞。

Because alveoli serve as critical exchange points between the blood and air from the outside world, they have their own specialized types of white blood cells, or macrophages, which defend against foreign organisms by enveloping and eating them.

因为肺泡相当于血液和来自体外的空气之的一个临界交换点，它们拥有专门的白血细胞，又名巨噬细胞，这种细胞通过包络和吞噬外来细胞来进行防御。

White blood cells have all different kinds.

白细胞有不同的种类。

We generally think of blood as a red liquid but it's actually full of particles like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

我们通常都会认为血液是红色的液体，但事实上它里面充满了红细胞，白细胞，血小板这样的颗粒。

When a virus gets past the body's infection-fighting white blood cells, another defense reaction starts.

当病毒通过体内对抗感染的白细胞时，会触发另一个防御反应。

The device is used to count a disease-fighting white blood cells called the CD4 cell.

该设备用来计算与疾病作斗争的白细胞的数量，这种细胞名叫CD4细胞。

A week after exposure, the victim's white blood cells create antibodies.

感染一周后 患者的白细胞会分泌出抗体。

For some diseases, the immune system uses white blood cells and antibodies to attack it.

对于某些疾病，免疫系统使用白细胞和抗体来攻击它。

Once inside the bloodstream, HIV targets a variety of cells, but most specifically the T-helper cells (CD4), which are a type of white blood cell that play an essential role in our immune system and fighting infections.

一旦进入血液，艾滋病毒便会锁定不同种类细胞，尤其是T-helper细胞(CD4)，它是白血细胞的一种，在我们的免疫系统里主要扮演着抵抗感染的角色。

Blood consists of the nutrient and the heat-transporting plasma, the oxygen-carrying red blood cells, and then less than one percent is made up of a very important pathogen fight in white blood cells.

血液由营养物质和传递热量的血浆，携带氧气的红细胞组成，然后不到 1% 是由白细胞中非常重要的病原体组成的。

For example, with red blood cells you've basically got to plunge it straight into liquid nitrogen for it to survive, whereas with white blood cells you have to cool it really, really slowly to get the same effect.

举个例子，对于红细胞，你基本上要把它直接插入液氮中才能存活，而对于白细胞，你必须非常非常缓慢地冷却它才能达到同样的效果。”

“So this suggests that the initial encounter of the very type of white blood cell that we think defends us against the virus may be taken out by this initial wave of infection.”

“所以，这说明我们之前认为能帮助我们防御病毒的这种白细胞可能会被第一波感染杀死。”

So then, your immune system kicks in, sending over a bunch of white blood cells, and the result is inflammation, maybe even pneumonia, or scarring of the lung tissue.

然后呢，你的免疫系统开始发挥作用了，会传递一堆白细胞，结果是会发炎，甚至严重的话会得肺炎，或者是给肺部组织造成伤疤。