He tended to dismiss adversaries as fools, rather than as merely mistaken, or half-right.

他宁愿将自手看成是一个个傻子也不愿意将他们成只是有一点点学过失或学方面是一知半解人。

This makes you realize which part you understand and where you still have gaps whenever you get stuck go back to study and repeat that process until you have explained the whole topic from start to end.

这让意识到理解了哪一部分，哪里还有差，还有一知半解地方，回到学习，重复这个过程，直到把整个话题从头到尾解释完。

I think that's him probably just getting a little excited about all the different countries that he has brought peace to in his imagination and maybe a little shallow knowledge of geography.

我认为这可能是他在想象中自带来和平众多国家感到有点兴奋，同时也可能暴露了他地理知识一知半解。