The inferior ranks of people must, in that country, suffer patiently the usage which their superiors think proper to give them.

在那个国家，下层人必须耐心地忍受上级认为应该给予的待遇。

The ties of interest, which bound the inferior ranks of people to the clergy, were in this manner gradually broken and dissolved.

将下层人与教士联系在一起的利益纽带， 就样逐渐被打破和瓦解了。

In Ireland, the inferior ranks of people are still poorer than in Scotland, and many parts of the country are almost as thinly inhabited.

在爱尔兰，下层人仍然比苏格兰更穷，个国家的许多地方几乎同样人烟稀少。

In the first place, almost the whole capital of every country is annually distributed among the inferior ranks of people, as the wages of productive labour.

首先， 几乎每个国家的全部资本每年都作为生产劳动的工资分配给下层人。

In years of scarcity, the inferior ranks of people impute their distress to the avarice of the corn merchant, who becomes the object of their hatred and indignation.

在荒年，下层人把的苦难归咎于谷物商人的贪婪，谷物商人成为仇恨和愤怒的对象。

The inferior ranks of people no longer looked upon that order as they had done before; as the comforters of their distress, and the relievers of their indigence.

下层人不再像以前那样看待个秩序；安慰的苦难，解的困苦。

Those virtues procured them the highest respect and veneration among all the inferior ranks of people, of whom many were constantly, and almost all occasionally, fed by them.

些美德使在所有下层人中获得了最高的尊重和崇敬，中的许多人不断地，几乎所有人都偶尔地接受的喂养。

It must always be remembered, however, that it is the luxuries, and not the necessary expense of the inferior ranks of people, that ought ever to be taxed.

然，必须永远记住，应该征税的是奢侈品，不是下层人的必要开支。

But in theory, your job as somebody who was from the nobility or upper orders of society was to sort of take care of the people from the lower orders.

但理论上，作为贵族或上层社会的一员，你的工作就是照顾下层人。

The same thing may be said of the gross ignorance and stupidity which, in a civilized society, seem so frequently to benumb the understandings of all the inferior ranks of people.

同样的事情也适用于严重的无知和愚蠢，在文明社会中，似乎常常使所有下层人的理解力变得麻木。

First, he promoted people based on merit rather than family position, and second, he brought lower classes of conquered people into his own tribe while dispossessing the leaders of the conquered clans.

首先，根据功绩不是家庭地位提拔人，其次，将被征服的下层人纳入自己的部落， 同时剥夺了被征服氏族的首领。

Is this improvement in the circumstances of the lower ranks of the people to be regarded as an advantage, or as an inconveniency, to the society? The answer seems at first abundantly plain.

种下层人境遇的改善，对社会来说是有利还是不利？乍一看，答案似乎非常简单。

Capitation taxes, so far as they are levied upon the lower ranks of people, are direct taxes upon the wages of labour, and are attended with all the inconveniencies of such taxes.

就对下层人征收的人头税言，它是对劳动工资的直接征税，并伴随着种税收的所有不便之处。

Invention is kept alive, and the mind is not suffered to fall into that drowsy stupidity, which, in a civilized society, seems to benumb the understanding of almost all the inferior ranks of people.

发明保持活力，思想不会陷入那种昏昏欲睡的愚蠢状态，在文明社会中，种愚蠢似乎麻木了几乎所有下层人的理解力。

How much the lower ranks of people in the country are really superior to those of the town, is well known to every man whom either business or curiosity has led to converse much with both.

乡下的下层人实际上比城里的人优越多少，每一个因生意或好奇经常与两者交谈的人都知道一点。

In mercantile and manufacturing towns, where the inferior ranks of people are chiefly maintained by the employment of capital, they are in general industrious, sober, and thriving; as in many English, and in most Dutch towns.

在商业和制造业城镇，下层人主要靠资本的使用维持生计，通常勤劳、清醒和兴旺；就像许多英语和大多数荷兰城镇一样。

We must not, however, upon that account, imagine that they are worse fed, or that their consumption of articles which might be subjected to moderate duties, is less than that even of the lower ranks of people in England.

然，我决不能因此就认为吃得更差，或者对可能需要缴纳适度关税的物品的消费甚至低于英国下层人。