Well, I'm been looking at why individualism, I mean individual differences, are such an important areas of management studies.

我关注于为何个人主义，也就是个体差异是管理研究的重要部分。

A study published in 2002 in Personality and Individual Differences suggested that emotionally perceptive people might be particularly influenced by feelings of depression and hopelessness.

2002 发表在《个性与个体差异》杂志上的一项研究表明，情感感知能力强的人可能特别容易受到抑郁和绝望情绪的影响。

It would transcend all particular differences between people and so would be a universal law.

越了任何人与人之间的个体差异，因此是一种普遍的法则。

So how long you can go without going changes from person to person.

可以保持多长时间不大便这件事存在着个体差异。

Parry thinks that his findings actually raise more questions for further study, such as whether there's something about the individuals in the past studies that led to a stronger brain drain effect for certain cognitive effects.

帕里认为，他的研究结论实际上为进一步的研究提出了更多的问题，例如，在过去的研究中，是否有一些个体差异导致了更强的认知流失，些认知影响。

For example, a 2009 article in the journal Personality and Individual Differences described a study in which psychologists surveyed people at two ice cream parlors in Vancouver.

例如，2009 《个性与个体差异》期刊上的一篇文章描述了一项研究，心理学家对温哥华两家冰淇淋店的顾客进行调查。

Psychologists define temperament as individual differences in emotional, bodily and attentional reactions to sights, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, etc, as well as in the self-regulation of emotion, behaviour and attention.

心理学家将气质定义为对视觉、声音、气味、味觉、触觉等的情绪、身体和注意力反应的个体差异，以及对情绪、行为和注意力的自我调节。

I think there are huge individual differences, but we know of studies where it appears that maybe 20 minutes of daily dosage of strong light is enough.

我认为这其中存在着巨大的个体差异，但我们知道一些研究表明，每天接受20分钟的强光照射就足够了。

" Results suggest that chronic declines in slow wave sleep, rather than individual differences at any given time, are important for predicting dementia risk, " Pase said.

“研究表明，相比在任何特定时间的个体差异，慢波睡眠时间长期减少对于预测痴呆风险很重要。”

Rather the lip-smacking variability likely reflected how individual differences and environmental factors, and even social conventions, affect how chimpanzees communicate with each other.

更确切地说，咂嘴可变性可能反映了个体差异、环境因素、甚至社会习俗对黑猩猩相互交流的影响。

Now, this could be down simply to individual difference, but it could also be explained by the fact that Adam's particularly extrovert.

这可以简单归结于个体差异，但也可以解释为这是由于亚当性格特别外向所导致的。

So there's always an individual variance.

所以总是存在个体差异。

Furthermore, there are significant individual differences.

此外，个体差异的存在也是很明显的。

Experts say thousands of individual changes arise as the virus mutates and develops into new variants over time.

专家表示，随着时间推移，病毒变异和发展出新的变种，会出现千上万的个体差异。

But unfortunately, individual differences are also the root of conflict between staff and they can lead to difficulties for management, which can sometimes be serious.

但是不幸的是，个体差异也是员工冲突的根源，这会导致管理上的困难，有时会产生严重问题。

And there's definitely individual differences in how fast people habituate.

人们适应的速度肯定存在个体差异。

So again, there's a lot of individual differences, right?

所以再次强调，个体差异是很大的，对吧？

You know, it's determinant on the kid.

这取决于孩子的个体差异。

And this is one of the questions which I'm going to deal with in the next couple of lectures but before I get to the theory of social psychology I want to talk about an individual difference.

这是我将在接下来的几堂讲座中讨论的问题之一，但在讨论社会心理学理论之前，我想谈谈个体差异。

We know that everyone with Down syndrome has extra chromosomal material from chromosome 21, but people with Down syndrome are so varied, not only in their personalities, but in the medical conditions that they get or they don't get.

我们知道， 每位唐氏综合症患者都携带着来自21号染色体的额外染色体物质，但唐氏综合症患者的个体差异极大，不仅体现在性格上， 还包括他们可能患上或未患上的各种健康状况。