Polygalacturonase has the same substrate specificity as pectate lyase. This enzyme is produced by Erwinia carotovora subspp. but not by Erwinia chyrsanthemi.
Not only major gene’s effect on fertility but also minor gene’s effect should be considered when utilize WCG to overcome semisterile between subspecies.
Larvicidal oil or larvicide (such as temephos, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis etc.) can be applied to stagnant water directly with dosage according to the label instructions.