If the bonds are successful, the investors will make a profit.

如果债券发行成功，投资者就会获。

Emerging-market issuance of dollar bonds hit an 11-year low in 2022.

2022年，新兴市场美元债券发行量创下11年来新低。

But there too volume tumbled as issuance dwindled and interest rates fell, eroding margins.

但随着债券发行量的减少和率的下降，这些债券的发行量也大幅下降，侵蚀率。

We've seen credit ratings being dropped from some municipal debt issuance because they haven't been able to file timely accounts.

我们已经看到一些市政债券发行的信用评级被消，因为他们无法及时提交账目。

Could the issue with AT1 bonds actually do the opposite and keep the crisis going?

AT1 债券的发行真的会反，让危机继续下去吗？

Issuance of corporate debt on Wall Street has more or less stopped.

华尔街的公司债券发行或多或少已经停止。

The first batch of carbon-neutral bonds have been issued in China's interbank bond market.

首批碳中性债券已在中国银行间债券市场发行。

Governments offer bonds and other investments to raise money to pay for the spending.

政府发行债券等投资手段来筹资，用于开支。

Additional tier 1 debt is a special type of debt the banks issue.

额外一级债券是银行发行的一种特殊类型的债务。

The central government now wants localities to borrow more directly by issuing their own bonds.

中央政府如今希望地方政府通过自己发行债券更直接地进行借贷。

Why does Nigeria want to issue them now?

为什么尼日亚政府现在想要发行这种债券?

ARGENTINA'S first bond, issued in 1824, was supposed to have a lifespan of 46 years.

1824年，阿根廷第一次发行债券，原本预期期限为46年。

Because small firms do not issue bonds or sell equity in public markets, they rely on banks for borrowing.

小型企业不在公共市场发行债券和股票，而是通过银行融资。

But with less than a month to go, 2022 looks set to be an appalling year for bonds.

但距离债券发行还有不到一个月的时间，2022 年看来将是债券市场惨淡的一年。

It is also, by symmetry, a measure of the relative cost to companies of issuing equity versus debt.

根据对称性，它也是衡量公司发行股票与发行债券的相对成本的一个指标。

It issued long term bonds to people in the UK.

它向英国人民发行长期债券。

The World Bank is financed mostly by issuing bonds to global investors.

世界银行的资金主要来自向全球投资者发行债券。

So how does the government borrow money? Well, it issues bonds.

那么政府是怎么借钱的呢？好吧，它发行债券。

Perpetual bonds are still issued today.

永续债券至今仍在发行。

Many lgfvs can no longer issue bonds in China's domestic market or refinance maturing ones.

许多地方政府融资平台无法再在中国国内市场发行债券或为到期债券再融资。