With artificial photosynthesis, maybe we can split water molecules to make fuel like a plant.

通过人工光合作用，也许我们可以分裂分子，像植物一样制造燃料。

Nitrogen is needed for proteins, DNA and the chlorophyll that let plants perform photosynthesis.

氮是蛋白质、DNA和让植物进行光合作用叶绿素所必需。

However, in bacteria the plasma membrane has other important roles such as respiration, photosynthesis, and the synthesis of lipids and cell wall components.

除此之外，细菌质膜还有重要作用，例如呼吸作用、光合作用与脂质和细胞壁成分合成。

Plants absorb carbon from the air during photosynthesis and then return it during respiration. Animals that eat those plants also respire.

在光合作用下，植物从空气中吸收碳，后在呼吸过程中将返回。吃这些植物动物也呼吸。

In short, as part of the process of photosynthesis plants release water vapour from their leaves into the atmosphere.

简单来说就是光合作用一部分过程，植物将叶片中气释放到大气中。

They separated thylakoids a part of the cell where light reactions take place in plants, from young spinach leaves.

研究团队从菠菜嫩叶中分离出参与光合作用类囊体。

To understand why, think back to photosynthesis and chlorophyll.

想知道为什么，请回想一下光合作用和叶绿素。

Taking the sunlight in, and through a process known as photosynthesis they're able to transfer the sun's energy and create a chemical known as chlorophyll.

吸收阳光，通过光合作用过程，它们能够转移太阳能量并产生一种叫做叶绿素化学物质。

It would have needed sunlight for that so that photosynthesis could begin.

它需要阳光，这样才能进行光合作用。

The whole of the plant is pretty much photosynthetic, so it grows fast.

整个植物都在做光合作用，所以它长得很快。

What they're able to do is fascinating, they're taking the sunlight in and through a process known as photosynthesis, they're able to transfer the sun's energy and create a chemical known as chlorophyll.

它们所做是很神奇，主要通过光合作用吸收光线，将光能转化，并产生一种叫做叶绿素化学物质。

Grass takes up carbon from the air by photosynthesis, then cow eat that plant and its carbon, and in the cow, that carbon is then turned into methane — which is carbon and four hydrogens — CH4.

草通过光合作用从空气中吸收碳，后牛吃植物和它碳，在牛身上，碳被转化为甲烷——也就是碳和四个氢——CH4。

Our atmosphere is full of it thanks to plants and photosynthetic bacteria.

多亏了植物和进行光合作用细菌，我们大气中充满了碳化合物。

They're cyanobacteria. They're green. They photosynthesize. They need light, but they also need water.

它们是蓝细菌它们是绿色，能进行光合作用。它们需要光，当也需要。

I mean, green photosynthesis accounts for more than 99.9% of the natural productivity on Earth.

绿色光合作用在地球自生产力占比超过 99.9%。

Photosynthesis takes sunlight and stores solar energy in chemical bonds.

光合作用吸收了太阳能并把它存储在化学键中。

You see in the fall leaves stop their food making process and the chlorophyll declines.

你看，在秋天，树叶光合作用减弱，叶绿素减少。

Carnivorous plants still get most of their energy via photosynthesis, just like other plants.

和普通植物一样，食肉植物大部分能量依旧依靠光合作用来获取。

Instead, they modified the DNA in the chloroplasts-organelles responsible for photosynthesis, not reproduction.

相反，们修改了叶绿体中DNA，叶绿体是负责光合作用而不是繁殖细胞器。

And then, the symbiotic algae that live inside corals-which are photosynthetic food factories-abandon the corals.

之后，珊瑚礁体内共生藻类，也就是进行光合作用食物工厂，会抛弃珊瑚。