That's the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye.

那是眼睛后部的光敏组织。

Researchers looked at the role of specialized photosensitive cells in the retina.

研究者们研究网膜内特别的光敏细胞。

They both have lenses that bend light and project an image onto a light-sensitive surface.

它们都具有能够弯曲光线并将图像投射到光敏表面上的透镜。

So, the researchers genetically altered cells to contain photosensitive proteins named Phytochromes.

此, 研究人员对细胞进行了基改造, 使其含有名为植物染色体的光敏蛋白。

For example, I grew up in the heat of Texas yet didn't have any problems with the photosensitizers in Lime or Celery.

例如，我在炎热的德克萨斯州长大，但对酸橙或芹菜中的光敏剂没有任何问题。

One way animals have evolved to see better is to have more of those light-sensitive cells in each eye.

动物为了看得更清楚而进化的一种方式是在每只眼睛中拥有更多的光敏细胞。

The opsin gene for our green-sensitive visual pigment was duplicated, and the second version evolved to be more red-sensitive.

我们绿色敏感色的光敏基了复制，复制的第二个版本逐渐进化为对红色更加敏感。

Whereas with a Japanese print, which uses highly light sensitive colourants, that can be displayed for more like eight months per decade, or even less.

然而日本的版画使用高光敏的着色剂，每十年只能展览大概8个月左右，甚至更少。

The team made their discovery with a technique called optogenetics, which uses genetic engineering to introduce light-sensitive proteins into select brain cells.

研究团队使用一种称为光遗传学的技术做出了这一现，该技术通过基工程将光敏蛋白引入选定的脑细胞。

Finally, a general photosensitivity of the skin —essentially a catch-all category for other rashes that happen to sun-exposed areas —typically only lasting a couple of days.

最后，常见具有光敏性的皮肤损害，这包含了日照引起的所有其它皮疹，通常只持续几天。

If we clone this light-sensitive part of the algae and then add it to neurons through genetic modification, we can make neurons light-sensitive, too.

如果我们克隆藻类的这个光敏部分，然后通过基改造将它添加到神经中，我们也可以使神经对光敏感。

This idea of genetically altered to have light sensitive proteins, I think that's a little bit too much detail up front, so let's move that down.

这种基改变产光敏蛋白的想法, 我认为前面有点太详细了, 所以让我们把它移下来。

Fan and colleagues used a curved aluminum oxide membrane, studded with nanosize sensors made of a light-sensitive material called a perovskite, to mimic that architecture in their synthetic eyeball.

Fan 和他的同事使用了一种弯曲的氧化铝膜，上面镶嵌着由一种叫做钙钛矿的光敏材料制成的纳米级传感器，以在他们的合成眼球中模拟这种结构。

This group of rare, genetic disorders, which involves the loss of light-sensitive cells in the retina, affects more than 2 million people worldwide, and can lead to complete blindness.

这组罕见的遗传性疾病涉及网膜中光敏细胞的丧失，影响全世界超过 200 万人， 并可能导致完全失明。

The idea behind the light sensitivity was that the memory formed by these cells could be reactivated by the light of a laser, causing the mouse to recall the memory.

光敏性背后的想法是，这些细胞形成的记忆可以被激光重新激活，从而使老鼠回忆起记忆。

And actually, I don't mean the word photosensitive here because I just said in the end of the last paragraph light sensitive proteins, which is the same thing as photosensitive.

实际上, 我这里指的不是光敏这个词, 为我在最后一段末尾刚刚说了光敏蛋白, 这与光敏是一回事。

The last light a plant sees at night is in the far red of the spectrum, and this longer wavelength light inactivates a light-sensing molecule inside the plant, that isn't reactivated until the next morning.

植物在夜间看到的最后一束光在光谱中属于远红光，而这种较长波长的光会使植物内部的光敏分子失活，直到第二天早上它被光击中时才会重新激活。

Since 2011, Tye, of the Salk Institute, has been using genetically-modified light-sensitive proteins to turn neurons on and off, and systematically tracing the connections between different parts of the brain involved in fear and anxiety.

自2011年以来，索尔克研究所的泰伊一直在使用基改良的光敏蛋白来开启和关闭神经，并系统地追踪大脑中涉及恐惧和焦虑的不同部分之间的联系。

Nelson works as a guide and polar bear sentinel for some scientists focused on the sea ice and the other end of the food chain, the tiny light-sensitive organisms that live in the ice.

纳尔逊为一些专注于海冰和食物链另一端（活在冰中的微小光敏物）的科学家担任向导和北极熊哨兵。

The new technique aims to restore visual function at the late stages of the disease, by injecting a harmless virus that has been modified to carry the genetic instructions for making a light-responsive algal protein, into the eye.

这项新技术旨在通过将一种无害的病毒注射到眼睛中来恢复疾病晚期的觉功能，这种病毒经过修饰可以携带制造光敏藻类蛋白的遗传指令。