The effect this has on excitability of myocytes, however, is complex.

然而，这对心肌细胞兴奋性的影杂的。

The main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is glutamate.

脑部主要的兴奋性神经递质为谷氨酸。

Vocal variation adds excitement and emphasis to speech.

声音的变化增加了讲话的兴奋性和强调性。

This reduces the heart's excitability and suppresses reentrant tachycardia.

这降低心脏的兴奋性和抑制折返性快速性心失常。

To do that, they needed to test how the filopodia responded to glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter.

要做到这点，他们需要测试树突丝对谷氨酸的反应，谷氨酸也就大脑主要的兴奋性神经递质。

While initial changes seem to increase myocyte excitability; further rise of potassium has the OPPOSITE effect.

初始变化可能增加心肌细胞的兴奋性，但步升高却具有相反的作用。

The result is a reduced excitability or responsiveness of the neurons and muscles in the heart.

这导致心脏神经元和肌肉的兴奋性或反应性降低。

In addition to that, these same dopaminergic neurons also exert inhibitory effects on the excitatory cholinergic neurons in the striatum.

除此之外，多巴胺能神经元也有同样的抑制作用纹状体的兴奋性胆碱能神经元。

So, NMDA receptors belong to the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors, which mediate most of the excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain.

因此，NMDA受体属于离子型谷氨酸受体家族，它介导大脑中大部分的兴奋性突触传递。

Ultimately this imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory activities leads to the manifestation of typical clinical symptoms that include resting tremor, rigidity, postural instability, and slowed movement.

最终，抑制性和兴奋性之间的不平衡导致了这种表现典型的临床症状包括静止性震颤、僵硬、姿势不稳，减缓了行动。

Now, as you may know, the binding of glutamate to the NMDA receptor results in an influx of extracellular calcium, which controls membrane excitability and synaptic transmission.

现在，如你所知，谷氨酸与NMDA受体的结合导致内流细胞外钙，控制膜的兴奋性和突触传递。

Now, these signals can be either excitatory, which is that they raise the likelihood the neuron will fire, or inhibitory in that they lower the likelihood that the neuron will fire.

现在，这些信号可以兴奋性的，即它们会增加神经元放电的可能性， 也可以抑制性的， 因为它们会降低神经元放电的可能性。