The main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is glutamate.

脑部主要兴神经递质谷氨酸。

To do that, they needed to test how the filopodia responded to glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter.

要做到这一点，他们需要测试树突丝对谷氨酸反应，谷氨酸也就是大脑主要兴神经递质。

Vocal variation adds excitement and emphasis to speech.

声音变化增加了讲话兴和强调。

Because it slows you down and relaxes you, and it decreases more excitatory neurotransmitters.

它让你减缓速度、放松身心，并减少更多兴神经递质。

It's all these inhibitory and excitatory messages that are forming memories.

正是这些抑制和兴信在形成记忆。

So the release, of these excitatory amino acids occurs.

所以这些兴氨基酸释放就发生了。

Now, these signals can be either excitatory, which is that they raise the likelihood the neuron will fire, or inhibitory in that they lower the likelihood that the neuron will fire.

现在，这些信号可以是兴，即它们会增加神经元放电可能， 也可以是抑制， 它们会降低神经元放电可能。

Some researchers suspect that this deficiency takes the breaks off glutamates excitery activity thus stimulating things like repetitive behavior documents money and then his colleagues produced evidence supporting this idea.

一些研究人员怀疑这种缺乏会解除谷氨酸兴活动刹车，从而刺激重复行、刻板行等。随后，他同事提供了支持这一观点证据。

REPORTER 2: Autopsy results show that Bolick died of acute exhaustion mania, which is also known as excited delirium syndrome.

记者2：尸检结果显示， 博利克死于急疲惫躁狂，即所谓兴谵妄综合征。

Alternatively, it is possible that ketamine exerts its effects by decreasing excitation in regions whose activity promotes depressive-like phenotypes.

另一种可能是，氯胺酮通过降低那些活动会促进类似抑郁表型区域兴来发挥其作用。

So, NMDA receptors belong to the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors, which mediate most of the excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain.

此，NMDA受体属于离子型谷氨酸受体家族，它介导大脑中大部分兴突触传递。

But there are likewise going to be a number of different ones that are excitatory.

但同样也会有许多不同兴神经递质。

The result is a reduced excitability or responsiveness of the neurons and muscles in the heart.

这导致心脏神经元和肌肉兴或反应降低。

In addition to that, these same dopaminergic neurons also exert inhibitory effects on the excitatory cholinergic neurons in the striatum.

除此之外，多巴胺能神经元也有同样抑制作用纹状体兴胆碱能神经元。

And so depending on the amount of excitatory and inhibitory that we have, it's either going to fire or it's not going to fire.

此， 根据我们拥有兴和抑制信号多少，神经元要么会放电， 要么不会放电。

While initial changes seem to increase myocyte excitability; further rise of potassium has the OPPOSITE effect.

初始变化可能增加心肌细胞兴，但钾进一步升高却具有相反作用。

This reduces the heart's excitability and suppresses reentrant tachycardia.

这降低心脏兴和抑制折返快速心律失常。

Now, as you may know, the binding of glutamate to the NMDA receptor results in an influx of extracellular calcium, which controls membrane excitability and synaptic transmission.

现在，如你所知，谷氨酸与NMDA受体结合导致内流细胞外钙，控制膜兴和突触传递。

Those messages can either be excitatory, so yes, you need to keep that message going or inhibitory, no you need to stop the message right here.

这些信可能是兴，意味着你需要继续传递该信； 也可能是抑制，表示需要在此停止传递。

The effect this has on excitability of myocytes, however, is complex.

然而，这对心肌细胞兴影响是复杂。