Again, that's obviously a big question and how about the risk of reinfection.

这显然是一个大问题。以及再感染的风大吗？

You're safe from re-infection, 99.9 percent of the time.

99.9%的情况下，你不会再被感染了。

And those nine people make three each one three other people smile.

那九个人 每个人再用笑容感染三个人。

Some may have had undetected mild or asymptomatic reinfections.

有些人或许是未检测出的轻症或无症状再感染。

And people who had just the original two-shot regimen had a similar risk.

打过初始两针疫苗的人，再感染风也差不多是 50%。

" Some people are ending up with serious long-term health issues. We need to wake up to this reality and stop trivialising viral infections and understand that they are major drivers of chronic diseases."

“有些人最终会出现严重的长期健康问题。我们需要清醒地认识到这一现实，不要再轻视病毒感染，要明白病毒感染是慢性疾病的主要诱因。”

And Assumption Three: after people are infected for a while, they move to the removed group, since they've recovered, or sadly, died, and can't transmit the infection anymore.

在人们被感染一段时间后，他们会转移到转归组，因为他们已经康复了，或者不幸的是，已经死了，不能再传播感染了。

But in general, if you've had COVID or gotten boosted recently, it is safe to say you probably have some protection against reinfection, and especially against severe outcomes.

但总体来看，如果你感染过新冠或最近接种了加强针，可以肯定地说你有一定抵抗力防御再感染，尤其是防御重症。

So it's a bit hard to compare the risk of reinfection with different variants.

因此比较不同变异株的再感染风有点难。

Another CDC study of a few hundred people in Kentucky, published in August, found that previously infected but unvaccinated people were twice as likely to get reinfected than were vaccinated folks.

8份发表的 CDC 的另一项研究观察了肯塔基州的几百人，发现比起已接种人士，既往感染但未接种人士的再感染率是前者的两倍。

People with a previous infection reduced their risk of a new infection by about 50 percent.

先前感染者的再感染风降低至约 50%。

That reduced chances of reinfection by about 80 percent.

这使得再感染的几率降低了约 80%。

Those people had significantly more protection against reinfection with BA. 4 or 5: 76 percent against symptomatic infection, and nearly 80 percent against all infection.

感染过奥密克戎的防止再感染 BA. 4 或 BA. 5 的抵抗力大大增强：对有症状感染的防护率为 76%，而对所有新冠变异感染的防护率接近 80%。

In other words, if you had Omicron in the winter or spring, you're fairly well protected against getting it again now.

换句话说，如果全年冬天或今年春天感染了奥密克戎，现在再感染的几率相当低。

Are those just stories, or is reinfection really more common now, with the BA. 5 variant running around?

这只是些传言吗，还是随着 BA. 5 再感染现在的确更常见了？

Today, we're going to discuss what we really know about BA. 5 reinfection…

今天，我们要讨论对于 BA. 5 再感染的了解。

The reason we're seeing more reinfections with BA. 5 is partly due to its immune evasiveness — mutations in its spike protein that help it sidestep antibodies to prior variants.

我们看到再感染 BA. 5 病例增多，部分归因于其免疫逃避——刺突蛋白内的变异帮助病毒回避先前变异的抗体。

We're in these cycles of disruption and in fact, One of my colleagues has called 2020 the year of reinfection, because about 13% of our cases are people who've had it in the past.

我们正经历这些破坏周期， 事实上，我的一位同事称2020年为再感染之年，因为大约13%的病例是之前已经感染过的人。

Yeah, so just, there's studies that follow cohorts of people who are infected for a year, and the reinfection rate is something like somewhere between .

是的，所以有一些研究跟踪了一年内感染人群的队列，再感染率大约在0.3%到1%之间。

Or if we chop the probability of infection down by another factor of 2, for example meaning people practice better hygiene?

或者如果我们再将感染概率降低一半，比如人们提高了卫生水平？