These include the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, that can cause tuberculosis, the protozoan Plasmodium, which causes Malaria, the fungus Trichophyton rubrum, which causes ringworm, and the virus Varicella zoster, which causes Chickenpox.

这些包括可以导致结核病的结核分枝杆菌，导致疟疾的原生动物疟原虫，会引起癣的真菌红毛癣菌，会引起水痘的水痘病毒。

Molds form branches that are like thin threads called hyphae.

霉菌的分枝像细细的线，它们被称作菌丝。

These fungi have countless branching, thread-like hyphae that together make up the mycelium.

这些真菌有无数的分枝，线状菌丝共同构成了菌丝体。

They prefer to eat shrubs and the leaves and twigs of trees, and can stand on their hind legs to reach branches up to 14 feet or 6 meters above the ground.

它们比较喜欢吃灌木、树叶和树木的嫩枝，凭借它们的后腿可以达到高于地面14英尺6的树的分枝。

He has focused the bank on eliminating extreme poverty and has promised that the sprawling organisation will be more “scientific” in delivering its services.

他使得银行专注于解决极度的贫，还答应使这个多分枝的组织在服务方面变得更加“科学化”。

Usually it's caused by viruses and bacteria, but it can also be caused by fungi and a special class of bacteria called mycobacteria.

它是由病毒和细菌引起的，但也可能由真菌和一种叫做分枝杆菌的特殊细菌引起。

One argument that this really is an ancient fossil animal is the complex branching structure, similar to some modern sponges.

支持这是古代动物化石的一个论点是其复杂的分枝结构，类似于一些现代海绵。

We expect that branches of that type of life would exists on Europa, just simply because water is the key feature.

我们期待这些生命的分枝会存在于木卫二上，只是因为水是其中的关键。

Now Mycobacterium tuberculosis is usually transmitted via inhalation, which is how they gain entry into the lungs.

结核分枝杆菌的传播途径是入途径，也就是它们进入人体肺部的方法。

Also, the IGRA is more specific to TB rather than other types of mycobacterial infections and is unlikely to be positive as a result of having BCG vaccine in the past, a vaccine that protects against TB.

而且IGRA对于TB来说有更高的准确性，而不会对其它类型的分枝杆菌的感染出现反应，且IGRA并不会对于曾经接种过卡介苗的患者出现阳性反应；卡介苗是一种抵抗肺结核的疫苗。

Tuberculoid is a component of the bacteria.

结核菌素是分枝杆菌的一种组成成分。

They've got an unusually waxy cell wall which is mainly a result of the production of mycolic acid.

这些细菌会有蜡样的细胞壁，由其产生的分枝菌酸等分泌物组成。

It's called Treptichnus, and it's a small, branching, mostly-horizontal burrow.

它被称为特雷普蒂奇努斯，是一种小型的、分枝的、主要是水平的洞穴。

Certain types of mycobacteria can also lurk in hot tub water.

某些类型的分枝杆菌也可以潜伏在热水浴缸中。

If you think of how corals are shaped, these ones are branching.

如果你想想珊瑚的形态，这些是分枝状的。

These pinnate or branched feathers that looked identical to those in living birds.

这些羽状分枝的羽毛，与现存鸟类的羽毛完全相同。

It is remarkable for its loose, airy, wide-branching habit and thin gray foliage.

它以其松散、风、宽分枝的习性和薄的灰色叶子而著称。

The mountain live oak, common here and a thousand feet or so higher, is like the live oak of Florida, not only in general appearance, foliage, bark, and wide-branching habit, but in its tough, knotty, unwedgeable wood.

高山橡树在这里很见，高出 1000 英尺左右，就像佛罗里达州的橡树，不仅在一般外观、叶子、树皮和宽阔的分枝习惯上，而且在坚韧、多节、不可楔入的木材上。

In temperate and polar climates, up to 40  meters below the surface, dense populations of giant kelp, the largest brown algae, grip  the rocky seafloor with branching roots called holdfasts.

在温带和极地气候下，在海面以下 40 深的地方，巨型海带（最大的褐藻）密集种群过称为固物的分枝根抓住岩石海底。

Tuberculosis treatments have been compromised because the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium responsible has evolved resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin, previously the two most powerful antibiotics used against it.

结核病治疗已受影响， 因为导致该病的结核分枝杆菌已对异烟肼和利福平产生抗药性，而这两种药物曾是治疗该病最有效的抗生素。