As chemical pollutants break down and sink into the earth, rivers become cleaner.

随着化学污染物分解并沉入地下，河流变得更加清洁。

No. They take hundreds of years to decompose – or break down by natural chemical processes.

不是的。是因它们分解要需要几百年的时间。降解是指通过自然化学反应分解的过程。

This process of using oxygen to break down sugars into chemical energy is called cellular respiration.

线粒体利用氧气把糖分分解成化学能的过程叫做细胞呼吸。

And some chemical breakdown continues in the large intestine, thanks to our little bacterial farm there.

多们那里的小细菌农场，一些化学分解在大肠中继续。

They can change their diets so there are fewer of the precursor chemicals that get broken down into trimethylamine.

他们可以通过改变食来减少先驱化学品的摄入，而这种先驱化学品会分解成三甲胺。

And outside of being bitter, it's considered unreactive, so it's basically non-toxic and isn't destroyed by water or most other chemicals.

它是惰性物质，因此基本上无毒，也不会溶于水或大部分其他化学物质所分解。

Plastics can take hundreds of years to degrade, or break down chemically.

塑料可能需要几百年才能降解或发生化学分解。

Your body breaks those bonds to extract the energy, which we colloquially call " burning" .

你的身体会分解这些化学键来提取能量，这在口语中们称之“燃烧”。

In Antarctica, the ozone layer is broken down by chemical reactions in very cold, high atmospheric clouds.

在南极洲，臭氧层因极冷的高空云中的化学反应而分解。

They used very elaborate apparatus, glass alembics, in which they would use heat to produce chemical decompositions.

他们使用非常复杂的设备， 玻璃蒸馏器，通过加热来产生化学分解。

The arms were originally designed for diffusing bonds making them far more dexterous than an astronaut's gloved hand.

这些手臂最初是分解化学键而设计的，因此它们比宇航员戴手套的手要灵巧得多。

While breaking down chemicals for energy is nice and all, early life did miss out on the greatest available source of energy: The Sun.

虽然分解化学物质的能源是一件很好的事，早期生命确实错过最大的可用能源：太阳。

With most cases, the macrophage then fuses the phagosome with a lysosome which has hydrolytic enzymes that can pretty much break down any biochemical molecules.

大部分情况下，巨噬细胞会将吞噬小体和溶酶体融合到一起；溶酶体中含有水解酶可以很大程度上分解生物化学分子。

These chemical bonds are incredibly difficult to break down, which means that contaminants from these chemicals build up over time in our environment.

这些化学键极难分解，这意味着这些化学物质的污染物会在环境中随着时间积累。

Now we don't usually think of it this way, but that is where digestion starts — the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food through chewing and enzyme-action.

们通常不这么想，但消化是从这里开始的——通过咀嚼和酶作用对食物进行机械和化学分解。

Then, a little chemistry knocked the acid off, creating what was clearly an alkene, so they named it benzene, because it was an alkene that was from the benzoin resin.

然后，用一点化学方法将酸分解， 产生明显是烯烃的物质， 因此他们将其命名苯，因它是一种来自安息香树脂的烯烃。

Moving through the digestive tract - down the esophagus, into the stomach, ending up in the small intestine food is chemically broken down into smaller molecules, and nutrients are absorbed into the body.

穿过消化道-沿着食道进入胃部，最后进入小肠的食物化学分解成较小的分子，营养物质吸收到体内。