Dr Kedes wants it to be clear which haplotypes came from which parent.

科德斯博士希望结果能明确一个单倍体来自父方、一个来自母方。

These primary spermatocytes then go into meiosis I, and form two smaller haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes.

这些初级精母细胞随后进入减分裂一期，形成两个较小的单倍体细胞，称为次级精母细胞。

The end result of meiosis 2 is production of four haploid cells, n chromosomes; (23 in humans) .

减分裂 2 的终结果是产生 4 个单倍体细胞，n 条染色体；(人类为 23 条)。

The microtubules that make up the spindle network disappear, and a new nuclear membrane surrounds each haploid set.

组成纺锤体网络的微管消失，每组单倍体周围都有一层新的核膜。

These four daughter cells only have half the number of chromosomes than the parent cell; they are haploid.

这四个子细胞的染色体有母细胞的一半；它们是单倍体。

A genome is the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete, or microorganism, or each cell of a multicellular organism.

基因组是指配子、微生物或多细胞生物每个细胞中的单倍体染色体组。

Those are called haploid cells and we have four of those in meiosis.

那些叫做单倍体细胞，在减分裂中我们有四个这样的细胞。

How do we go from a diploid cell eventually to a haploid cell?

我们是如何从二倍体细胞终变成单倍体细胞的？

You'll remember from biology that gametes are haploid cells, meaning that they only have one set of chromosomes, and are formed by meiosis.

你会记得生物学中配子是单倍体细胞，这意味着它们有一套染色体，是由减分裂形成的。

Nuclear envelopes reform and cleavage or cell plate formation eventually produces a total of four daughter cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes.

核膜的改造和分裂或细胞板的形成终产生四个子细胞，每个子细胞都有一组单倍体染色体。

The procedure used to treat the New York patient is known as a haplo-cord transplant, developed by the Weill Cornell team.

用于治疗纽约患者的程序被称为单倍体脐带移植，由威尔康奈尔团队开发。

And so the cell cycle will take a diploid cell make two diploid cells in mitosis or make four haploid cells in meiosis.

细胞周期会将一个二倍体细胞通过有丝分裂产生两个二倍体细胞，或者通过减分裂产生四个单倍体细胞。

In meiosis we're going to take a normal diploid cell and we're actually going to make a haploid cell, we're going to make sperm and egg.

在减分裂过程中， 我们会从一个正常的二倍体细胞开始， 终制造出单倍体细胞，即精子和卵子。

And so eventually what you get on this side are, instead of having ones that are haploid, you'll actually have some that could even be 4n or 3n or 2n on this side.

因此， 终在这边得到的，不再是那些单倍体的，实际上会有一些甚至可以是四倍体、三倍体或二倍体的。