Now, there is no simple sugar in coffee.

咖啡没有单糖。

This is a simple sugar, or monosaccharide.

这是一种结构简单的糖，或者叫单糖。

These include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

单糖的种类有葡萄糖、果糖和半乳糖。

Another monosaccharide is fructose which is commonly found in honey, fruits, and root vegetables.

另有一种单糖称为果糖，通常存在于蜂蜜、水果和根类蔬菜。

And if you're gonna go for a snack, the main thing here is don't just reach for simple sugars.

如果要吃点心的话，主要问题是不要摄入单糖。

Therefore, it actually burns some calories and doesn't absorb all those simple sugars as rapidly.

因此，它实际上会一卡路，没有迅速吸收所有的单糖。

And second that these sugars impact a good bacterium even though nutrition is not involved.

其二，这单糖对有益细菌产生了影响，尽管其没有为细菌提供养分。”

Complex carbohydrates, on the other hand, have three or more simple sugars strung together.

另一方面，复合碳水化合物，是由两种或者三种单糖形成的。

Fermentable, Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, And Polyols.

可发酵的寡聚糖，双糖，单糖和多元醇的碳水化合物。

Now, researchers have figured out how simple sugars wipe out a particular strain of beneficial gut microbes.

现在，研究人员已经知道单糖消灭肠道内一种特殊微生物的方式。

In order for your body to digest lactos, it has to break the bond between these two simple sugars.

为了让你的身体消化乳糖，它必须打破这两种单糖之间的连接。

If you consistently eat way more than necessary, and most calories are simple carbs, then these will be converted to fat.

如果你不断地吃这东西，超过了所需的量，大部分能量都由单糖提供，那么这单糖最后会被转化为脂肪。

Mono- and disaccharides come from fruits, honey, sugar beets and sugar cane, while polysaccharide starches come from veggies and grains.

单糖和双糖来自水果、蜂蜜、甜菜和甘蔗，而多糖淀粉来自蔬菜和谷物。

Finally, there's the monosaccharide, galactose, known as milk sugar.

最后还有一种单糖叫半乳糖，常与乳糖相提论。

Glucose is the most important member of the sugar family and it's a monosaccharide.

葡萄糖是糖类大家族中最重要的一员，它是一种单糖。

During digestion, your body breaks down those complex carbohydrates into their monosaccharide building blocks, which your cells can use for energy.

在消化的过程中，你的身体把那复合碳水化合物分解成它们的单糖单元，你的细胞可以利用 这单糖来获得能量。

Instead, the sugars serve as signals that shut down production of a protein that beneficial Bacteroides need to colonize the intestine.

相反，单糖作为信号，抑制了有益拟杆菌在肠道内生存所需蛋白质的产生。

So simple sugars, whether they're natural or added, are mixtures of monosaccharides or disaccharides.

前述的简单糖类，不管是天然糖还是添加糖，都是单糖与双糖的混合物。

Starches don't taste sweet like simple sugars because they don't activate taste buds in the same way.

淀粉尝起来没有单糖的甜味，因为它们激活味蕾的方式不同。

These are maltase, sucrase, and lactase, which break down the short chains of sugars called oligosaccharides into simple sugars, called monosaccharides.

它们包括麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶与乳糖酶；它们能将称为寡糖的短链聚合糖分解成简单糖类，或称单糖。