This is a simple sugar, or monosaccharide.

是一种结构简的糖，或糖。

Now, there is no simple sugar in coffee.

咖啡里没有糖。

So simple sugars, whether they're natural or added, are mixtures of monosaccharides or disaccharides.

前述的简糖类，不管是天然糖还是添加糖，都是糖与双糖的混合物。

Therefore, it actually burns some calories and doesn't absorb all those simple sugars as rapidly.

因此，它实际上会燃烧掉一卡路里，并没有迅速吸收所有的糖。

Nucleotides of DNA are made up of a sugar - deoxyribose, a phosphate, and one of the four nucleobases - adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine - or A, C, G, T for short.

DNA的核苷酸由一分子糖-脱氧核糖、一分子磷酸与四种核碱基之一的腺嘌呤（A）、胞啶（C）、鸟嘌呤（G）或胸腺啶（T）组成。

There's an enzymatic reaction that starts occurring where amylase, naturally present in flour, starts to convert starch into simple sugars that the yeast can then consume.

当面粉中天然存在的淀粉酶开始将淀粉转化为酵母可以食用的糖时，就会发生酶反应。

These are maltase, sucrase, and lactase, which break down the short chains of sugars called oligosaccharides into simple sugars, called monosaccharides.

它们包括麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶与乳糖酶；它们能将称为寡糖的短链聚合糖分解成简糖类，或称糖。

If you consistently eat way more than necessary, and most calories are simple carbs, then these will be converted to fat.

如果你不断地吃东西，超过了所需的量，大部分能量都由糖提供，那么糖最后会被转化为脂肪。

Instead, the sugars serve as signals that shut down production of a protein that beneficial Bacteroides need to colonize the intestine.

相反，糖作为信号，抑制了有益拟杆菌在肠道内生存所需蛋白质的产生。

And if you're gonna go for a snack, the main thing here is don't just reach for simple sugars.

如果要吃点心的话，主要问题是不要摄入糖。

Mono- and disaccharides come from fruits, honey, sugar beets and sugar cane, while polysaccharide starches come from veggies and grains.

糖和双糖来自水果、蜂蜜、甜菜和甘蔗，而多糖淀粉来自蔬菜和谷物。

Don't go for candy or soda especially, but also if you're just going for fruit and you're just taking in simple sugars, this causes a spike in your blood sugar with a subsequent crash.

特别是糖块或苏打水，但是如果吃水果，也会摄入糖，会造成血糖波动，升高之后迅速下降。

And second that these sugars impact a good bacterium even though nutrition is not involved.

其二，糖对有益细菌产生了影响，尽管其没有为细菌提供养分。”

Fermentable, Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, And Polyols.

可发酵的寡聚糖，双糖，糖和多元醇的碳水化合物。

Finally, there's the monosaccharide, galactose, known as milk sugar.

最后还有一种糖半乳糖，常与乳糖相提并论。

Not only do we drink a lot of water, but we also drink electrolyte replenishment beverages that also have a source of carbohydrates, of complex carbohydrates, not simple sugars.

我们不仅会喝很多水，我们还喝电解质补充饮料，饮料也含有碳水化合物，复合碳水化合物，不是糖。

Like I said before, our cells prefer to do business in the really basic currency of monomers, like amino acids, fatty acids, and simple sugars.

就像我之前说的，我们的细胞更喜欢用体的基本货币做生意，比如氨基酸、脂肪酸和糖。

In order for your body to digest lactos, it has to break the bond between these two simple sugars.

为了让你的身体消化乳糖，它必须打破两种糖之间的连接。

These include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

糖的种类有葡萄糖、果糖和半乳糖。

Monosaccharides link together through glycosidic bonding, which is when an " OH" from the carbon on one monosaccharide bonds with an " H" from the carbon of another monosaccharide.

糖之间通过糖苷键连接，即一个糖分子碳原子上的羟基与另一个糖分子碳原子上的氢原子缩合。