They developed an idea called " atomism" : That everything is made of lots of lots of tiny, indivisible things.

他们提出了一个叫做“原子”想法：一切都是由许多微小、不可分割东西组成。

As Descartes' contemporaries noted, his new theory is somewhat reminiscent of ancient atomism, which likewise made no use of forms or qualities, but explained physical phenomena in terms of the interaction of invisibly small particles.

正如笛卡尔同时代人所指出， 他在某种程度上让人联想到古代原子，同样不使用形式或性质概念，而是通过不可见小粒子之间相互作用来解释物现象。

The third type, which may be called " logical atomism" for want of a better name, has gradually crept into philosophy through the critical scrutiny of mathematics.

第三种类型，由于没有更好名字，可以称为“原子”，它通过对数学批判性审查逐渐入哲学。

Because in our like atomistic world view, right, of modern physics, There's, it's a chaotic, there is no grand purpose.

因为在现代物学原子世界观中，世界是混乱，不存在宏大目。

Democritus's atom theory marked the end of Greek natural philosophy for the time being.

德谟克利特原子暂时标志着希腊自然哲学终结。

1-4THE ATOMISTS 1-4-1Atoms and the Void According to Aristotle, the philosophy of atomism originated as an attempt to overcome the logical consequences of the Eleatic denial of space.

1-4原子 1-4-1原子与虚空 根据亚里士多德说法, 原子哲学起源于试图克服伊利亚特人否认空间后果。

For millennia this idea, the concept of what was called atomism, was something that remained theoretical.

几千年来， 这个想法， 所谓原子概念，一直停留在层面。

Apart from the special form of the atomic theory which was invented for the needs of chemistry, some kind of atomism dominated the whole of traditional dynamics, and was implied in every statement of its laws and axioms.

除了为化学需要而发明特殊形式原子外，某种原子支配着整个传统动力学，并隐含在其定律和公每一个陈述中。

A leading corpuscularian of the 17th century, Pierre Gassandy was not coincidentally also a scholar of Epicureanism, an ancient philosophical school that espoused atomism.

17世纪微粒领军人物皮埃尔·伽桑狄，恰巧也是伊壁鸠鲁主义学者，这种古老哲学流派主张原子。

The only book of Wittgenstein's published during his lifetime is his early Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1919), which develops a theory of logical atomism similar to that of Russell's.

维特根斯坦一生中出版唯一一本书是他早期 Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus（1919 年），该书发展了一种类似于罗素原子。

This billiard-ball view of matter dominated the imagination of physicists until quite modern times, until, in fact, it was replaced by the electromagnetic theory, which in its turn is developing into a new atomism.

这种对物质台球观点一直主导着物学家想象力，直到相当近代，直到事实上，它被电磁所取代，而电磁又发展成为一种原子。

For this, you can go back to episode 389, in which we learned how Daniel Sennett, writing in 1619, just when Descartes was collaborating with Beckmann, drew on ancient atomism to explain chemical reactions.

为此，您可以回顾第389集，我们在其中了解到，丹尼尔·塞内特在1619年，即笛卡尔与贝克曼合作期间，如何借鉴古代原子来解释化学反应。

As we're going to see, contemporaries like Gossandi objected to Descartes assuming that the principles of atomism are obviously false.

正如我们将看到，同时代人如哥桑迪反对笛卡尔认为原子原则显然是错误观点。

According to logical atomism, we should analyze this statement into its atomic propositions and test their truth or falsity.

根据原子，我们应该将这个陈述分析成它原子命题，并检验它们真伪。

Through his logical atomism, then, the world would correspond to his specially constructed logical language.

那么，通过他原子，世界将对应于他专门构建语言。

It was a revival of ancient atomist theories that were now widely known, thanks to the assiduous labors of those humanists.

这是古代原子复兴， 这些现在广为人知，多亏了那些人文主义者辛勤工作。

Wittgenstein in his early life developed a theory of logical atomism similar to that of Russell's.

维特根斯坦在他早年发展了一种类似于罗素原子。

18-1-2Logical Atomism Bertrand Russell's point of departure in philosophy was his admiration for the precision of mathematics.

18-1-2原子 伯特兰·罗素（Bertrand Russell）在哲学上出发点是他对数学精确性钦佩。

The theory of atomism envisioned by Leucippus and Democritus had a long and influential history.

由Leucippus和Democritus设想原子有着悠久而有影响力历史。

That is, he attempted to describe the relation between words and facts, as though their description was somehow immune from logical atomist theory itself.

也就是说，他试图描述词语和事实之间关系，就好像它们描述在某种程度上不受原子本身影响。