Proteins are used for protein synthesis and a slew of other metabolic purposes.

蛋白质则被用于蛋白质组织合成和大量新陈活动。

Testosterone is an anabolic steroid, meaning that itencourages new muscle growth.

睾丸激素是一种合成固醇，它能够促进新的肌肉的生长。

And to do that, it triggers a shift from catabolic reactions to anabolic ones.

为此，它触发了从分解到合成的转变。

And leucine is a key branch chain amino acid that has an anabolic effect on the body so it preserves lean body mass.

而亮氨酸是一种在体内起合成作用的，关键性支链氨基酸，所以它能保护体内脂肪较少的肌肉块。

With the thylakoids implanted into the mice and exposed to light, the mice recovered. Their metabolism returned to normal.

研究人员将囊体植入小鼠体内，并施加光照，小鼠的关节健康状况因此得到明显改善，细胞的合成也恢复正常。

This damage then signals anabolic pathways leading to muscle protein synthesis, a process that drives muscle growth.

这种损伤随后发出信号，合成径导致肌肉蛋白质合成，这是一个驱动肌肉生长的过程。

For a start, oestrogen is anabolic, building up muscle, while progesterone is catabolic, breaking it down.

首先，雌激素是合成的，可以增强肌肉，而黄体酮是分解的，可以分解肌肉。

The theory is that more metabolic stress accumulates in the muscle with less rest, which leads to greater anabolic signaling, thus greater muscle hypertrophy.

该理论认为，更多的压力会在肌肉中积累，而休息时间越少，就会有越多的合成信号，从而导致肌肉生长更多。

Those amino acids then get reassembled using anabolic reactions into your very own, but somewhat different, proteins, as defined by your DNA.

然后这些氨基酸通过合成重组成你自己的，但有些不同的蛋白质，由你的脱氧核糖核酸定义。

As the name implies, Human Growth Hormone is an anabolic hormone — a hormone conducive to growth.

顾名思义，人体生长激素是一种促进合成的激素——即有助于生长的激素。

Insulin is an anabolic hormone that has many functions, but one is that it acts as your " fat storage" hormone and by inhibiting three important enzymes, it prevents you from burning fat.

胰岛素是一种具有许多功能的合成荷尔蒙，但同时还是一种使人发胖的荷尔蒙而且，通过抑制人体中三种重要的酶，胰岛素还能阻止人体燃烧脂肪获取能量。

Anabolic reactions construct things and consume energy.

合成构建事物并消耗能量。

But for now, you've learned all about the vital nutrients — including water, vitamins, minerals, carbs, fats, and proteins — as well as how anabolic reactions build structures and require energy, while catabolic reactions tear things apart and release energy.

但是现在，你已经了解了所有重要的营养物质——包括水、维生素、矿物质、碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质——以及合成如何构建结构和需要能量，而分解将东西分开并释放能量。

More and more research has been showing that muscle contractions and longer muscle lengths tend to induce both greater metabolic and anabolic responses.

越来越多的研究表明，肌肉收缩和较长的肌肉长度往往会引起更大的和合成。

And the processes of metabolism involves conversions of energy — either through catabolizing reactions that release the energy stored in your food, or anabolizing ones that use or store that energy.

新陈的过程涉及到能量的转换或者通过分解来释放储存在食物中的能量，或者通过合成来使用或储存这些能量。

One of those chemical forces is anabolism.

其中一种化学力量是合成。

" Anabolic steroids" are a common type of performance-enhancing drugs.

" 合成固醇" 是一种常见的提高运动表现的药物。

However, dealing with anabolics is another story.

然而，处理合成药物则是另一回事。

And so probably the hardest thing, Jason, will be going from anabolic down to 15.

所以，杰森，最难的部分可能是从合成状态降到15。你会觉得这还不够。

It is, if you are eating a lower protein diet, I would take advantage of that because you increase the efficiency, you lower that anabolic resistance load.

如果你吃的是低蛋白饮食，我会建议你利用这一点， 因为这样可以提高效率，降低合成抵抗负荷。