It is the key factor regulating programmed cell death in pathogen, evocator and hormone responses.
在病原、诱发因子和激素应答中是调节细胞程序性死亡的关键因子。
Alternatively, a new version of a gene can also be created through reverse transcription: during gene expression, the mRNA is copied back into a sequence of DNA that is inserted into the genome.
其二，新的基因复本也可能透过反转录作用，将基因表现出来的mRNA反转录成DNA序列，再插回基因组内，这种现象称为反转录移位（retrotransposition），发生在细胞内称为长散布核因子（LINE）的转位子活动时。
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） In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications.
2016 年，研究人员开发了一种算法，用于识别可疑
引用模式，包括众多大量相互引用
者和频繁相互引用以提高其出版物影响因子期刊。
When this fasting diet was applied to humans who only consumed between 700 to 1100 calories for a period of time each month, in lowered blood pressure and reduced the hormone IGF-1, which is linked to both aging and disease.
当这种间歇性禁食习惯应用于人类身上，试验对象每月在特定时间内每天只摄入七百到一千一百卡路里，以降低血压，并减少激素 IGF-1（胰岛素样生长因子1）水平，而 IGF-1 与衰老和疾病都有关。
For example, an excess of adipose tissue—or fat— is thought to cause the release of free fatty acids and so-called " adipokines" , which are signaling molecules that can cause inflammation, which seems related to insulin resistance.
例如，过多脂肪组织被认为导致了游离脂肪酸等某些脂肪因子释放；脂肪因子是可以引起炎症信号分子，可能和胰岛素抵抗有一定关系。
When the abnormal IgA1-IgG immune complexes deposit in the mesangium, the alternative complement pathway is activated, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines and migration of macrophages into the kidney, all of which contributes to glomerular injury.
当异常IgA1-IgG免疫复合物沉积在系膜上时，补
旁路途径被激活，导致促炎因子释放，同时促进巨
细胞向肾迁移，以上所有反应会导致肾小球损伤。
有效
。
冻血
、
、姿势、动
