Likely the water's now frozen, in a kind of permafrost beneath the surface, but maybe there are pressures and temperatures in various areas of Mars that have liquified the ice and created perhaps aqua forms.

可能水现在冻结在地表下面的冻土层里，但是火星不同的地方可能会有压力和温度融化冰，可能会产生液体的水。

Methane gas somehow accumulates in the permafrost of Siberia.

甲烷体以某种方式积聚在西伯利亚的永久冻土层中。

The researchers also searched the permafrost for new clues to the age of the fossils.

研究人员还在永久冻土层中寻找化石年代的新线索。

We only found out about the permafrost When it was too late.

等发现永久冻土层时 却为时已晚。

They make the humus, the fertile layer to which all life on land is linked.

它制造腐植土，在这肥沃的土层上所有陆上生命互相紧扣。

She writes that in order to get large amounts of pay dirt out of the ground, " miners would have to break through layers of permafrost to reach the gravel bedrock beneath."

她写道，为从地下挖出大量金矿，“矿工必须凿穿永久冻土层，才能触及下方的砾石基岩。”

The Svalbard vault is protected by two airlocks, at the end of a tunnel sunk 160 metres into the permafrost of Norway's Arctic archipelago, outside the village of Longyearbyen, one of the world' s most northerly habitations.

该地窑座落在全球最北的居民点朗伊尔城的村庄外面，由两保护着，地窑 里面是深入挪威北极岛群冻土层里160米的隧道。

Rising global temperatures are increasing demand for the hands-on study of permafrost temperatures, especially in circum polar areas where both homes and critical infrastructure, such as the trans Alaska pipeline system are built at top permafrost.

不断上升的全球温正在增加对多年冻土温度实践研究的需求，特别是在环极地地区，这些地区的住宅和关键基础设施(如跨阿拉斯加管道系统)都建在永久冻土层的顶部。

By digging deep into the Arctic permafrost, researchers found 50,000-year-old DNA, which they matched to the nutrient-rich plants found in the stomachs of woolly mammoths.

通过深入挖掘北极的永久冻土层，研究人员发现大约 5 万年前的 DNA 物质，发现其与具有极高营养价值的植物匹配，是在长毛象胃中发现的（植物）。

Svalbard was chosen as the site of the seed bank, in part, because of the area's permafrost – a thick layer of soil that stays frozen throughout the year.

斯瓦尔巴群岛当选为种子库所在地，一部分是因为该地区的永久冻土层——一年四季都处于冰冻状态中的厚厚的土壤。

You'll find the fossil remains of thousands of life forms in one layer of dirt, and then none of those same plants and animals in the layer directly above.

你可能会在一层泥土中发现数以千计生物化石遗骸，然后在上面的土层中却没有任何同样的植物和动物。

And that's the key. So if the fire can get deeply embedded into those organic, peaty, kind of duff layers, they can just hide out.

这就是关键。所以如果大火能深入到这些有机的，含有泥炭的，没啥用的土层中，就能隐藏这些大火。

They say the thawing of the permafrost, a permanently frozen layer of soil, has already caused significant damage to homes, pipelines and roads.

他说，永久冻土层（一层永久冻结的土壤）的融化已经对房屋、管道和道路造成重大破坏。

The first reason is that the microbes reside in the top active layer, which holds water that doesn't get into the permafrost.

第一原因是微生物存在于顶部的活动层，这里面有不进入冻土层的水。

And that's even more true when the economy is actually underground — when it's all happening under a layer of dirt.

当经济在地下时——一切都发生在土层下面——这更为真实。

During this time of plenty, the foxes will bury any extra food, digging right down to the permafrost layer beneath.

在这食物充沛的时期，狐狸会将多余的食物埋藏起来，它一直挖到地下的永久冻土层。

Management of forests, transportation, the oceans, the melting of the permafrost.

与森林，交通，海洋，和永久冻土层的融化都有关系。

This exposes the ground and enables deeper freezing of the permafrost during the winter, protecting it from further degradation.

这使永久冻土层在冬季更加冻结，防止其进一步退化。

Under the right conditions, however, such as the extreme cold of Arctic permafrost, this decay can be slowed.

然而，在适当的条件下，比如极寒的北极永久冻土层，分解的速度可以减缓。

The pearl shells are put into pits dug in the earth, where mats are spread to receive them.

于是，要把含有珍珠的贝壳放到在土里挖好的坑中，在贝壳下面的土层上再垫一层垫子。