India India has the second-largest population globally, and its rich culture and history are reflected  today in its multiethnic, multilingual society.

2. 印度 印度拥有全球第二大人口，其丰富文化和历史在今天多民族、多语言社会中得到了体现。

Guilin is also a cultural mosaic of ethnic groups including Zhuang, Yao, Miao, and Dong, adding to the city's unique charm.

桂林还是一个文化大熔炉，包括壮族、瑶族、苗族和侗族在内多个民族增添了这座城市独特魅力。

By a strange turn of fortune's wheel, the party of Hamilton, Washington, Adams, the party of the grand nation, became the party of provincialism and nullification.

——由于命运之轮奇怪转动， 汉密尔顿、华盛顿、亚当斯党，大民族党， 变成了地方主义和废除党。

In 1819, he founded and led Gran Colombia, the  first independent country in South America. Today Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru,   and Panama consider him their national hero.

1819 年，他创立并领导了南美洲第一个独立国家大亚。今天，委内瑞拉、玻利维亚、亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和巴拿马将他视为他们民族英雄。

The relatively prosperous capital of Dakar — whose roughly 140,000 African immigrants range from doctors to hospitality staff to informal street vendors — is a melting pot of different cultures, languages, and nationalities.

相对首都达喀尔是不同文化、语言和民族大熔炉，这里有大约有 14 万非洲移民，包括医生、酒店工作人员和非正规街头小贩。

Antiochus, the son of Demetrius the king, sent a letter from the islands of the sea to Simon the priest and ethnarch of the Jews and to all the nation.

德米特里王之子安提阿古，从海上诸岛写信给犹太人大司祭西蒙和全民族。

Well, at one time, the U.S. was called a melting pot, you know, which means that people of many different religions, cultures and races could shed their traditional cultural identities and blend into one homogeneous nation.

嗯，美国曾经被称为“大熔炉”，你知道，这意味着许多不同宗教、文化和种族人可以拜托传统文化身份融入到一个统一民族中。

The Ottoman Empire had regions within it but it had no tolerance for nations and nationalism within the Empire of any kind was always ruthlessly repressed and crushed in the name of Greater Imperial stability and peace.

奥斯曼帝国内部有地区之分，但它不容忍民族主义，帝国内部任何形式民族主义都会以大帝国稳定与和平名义遭到无情镇压和粉碎。

There's also hybrid vigor: the idea that the intermarriage among different racial and ethnic groups is like getting a mutt dog and then having a slightly better chance of having a non-neurotic dog.

还有混合活力：不同种族和民族群体之间通婚就像养了一只狗， 然后养一只非神经质狗机会稍微大一些。

I call it " the big idea." For religious and spiritual groups, the big idea is often a sense of the divine, of God, or a metaphysical understanding of the world, or a grand narrative of a people throughout time.

我称之为“大理念” 。 对于宗教和精神团体而言，大理念往往是神存在感、上帝概念，或是对世界形而上理解，又或者是某个民族跨越时间宏大叙事。

Like Taft himself, Dollar Diplomacy was too frank for its own good, earning the enmity of Democrats and progressive Republicans at home as a sellout to big business and the suspicion of nationalists abroad as a tool of Yankee imperialism.

就像塔夫脱本人一样，美元外交过于坦率，为自己利益而战，在国内赢得了民主党人和进步共和党人敌意，因为它出卖了大企业，而国外民族主义者则怀疑它是美国佬帝国主义工具。

Revisionism Washier capricious news or victim of chauvinist oppression passionate spirit, Kate Hast's seductively accessible biography offers a sympathetic interpretation of Alma's life written in elegant lucid pros. Her book is a treasure trove of European cultural riches and scandalous intrigue.

修正主义洗地帽随意新闻或民族沙文主义压迫受害者，《热情灵魂》一书提供了凯特·哈斯特诱人易读传记，以优雅清晰文字同情解读了阿尔玛人生。她书是欧洲文化财富和八卦阴谋大宝库。

We've spoken a lot about institutions and states and nations, but are there any Significant individuals that we should mention bring into this story or should we view it as a kind of larger thing that was beyond any one person?

我们已经讨论了很多关于制度、国家和民族内容，但有没有哪些重要人物值得提及并纳入这个故事中呢？ 或者说， 我们应该将其视为一种超越个人更大范畴事物吗？