These are islands of old thick lithosphere unaffected by mountain building earthquakes and so on that form the cause of continents prompted by Dr. Zarnot. As observation.

这些都是由扎诺特博士提出、未受造山地震等因素影响古老厚岩石圈岛屿，它们构成了大陆形成缘由。作为观察。

Which would form new islands out of what used to be entire continents.

它们会在曾经是整个大陆土地上形成新岛屿。

They raise their young in groups, or colonies, on ice that forms around the continent.

它们在大陆周围形成冰上成群地养育后代。

That in combination with Pangaea forming, making all the animals have to compete with all the other animals, it was really tough on life, and we lose about 95% of species.

再加上盘古大陆形成，使所有动不得不相互竞争，这对生命来非常艰难，我们失去了大 95% 种。

Jamieson said the researchers think that when Antarctica's climate was warmer, rivers flowed toward a continental coastline that was created as the other land masses broke away.

贾米，究人员认为，当南极洲气候变暖时，河流流向大陆海岸线，这是由于其他大陆块分离而形成。

A huge volcanic rift opened in the middle of the planet; eventually splitting the Americas from Europe and Africa, and forming the Atlantic Ocean.

一个巨大火山裂谷在地球中央裂开；最终将美洲从欧洲和非洲中分裂出来，两个大陆中间形成了大西洋。

And we found Joe Meert. A geology professor who's written a bunch about the movement and formation of continents.

我们找到了 Joe Meert。他是一位写了很多关于大陆运动和形成地质学教授。

" Giant impacts plus water is a really good way of making a continent, " says Dr Johnson.

“巨型撞击加上水是形成大陆一种非常好方式。”

These, the highest mountains in the world, like other great ranges, were created by the collision of continents.

这些世界上最高山峰与其它大型山脉一样，也是由于大陆板块相撞而形成。

The supercontinents of Laurasia and Gondwanaland fractured, forming the lands that man would inhabit millions of years later.

劳亚和冈瓦纳两个超级大陆分裂后，形成了人类在亿万年后居住大陆。

With temperatures dropping, the first ice caps formed, the oceans cooled, and seasonal changes in weather patterns began.

随着温度下降，第一个冰河大陆块形成了，海洋变冷了，气候模式季节变化开始了。

This alkaline ring complex, formed when continents broke apart, left behind a valley with remarkably fertile soil.

这个碱性环带是大陆分裂时形成，留下了一个土壤非常肥沃山谷。

A particular problem is the crucial biographical detail of how the first continents came to be.

一个特别问题是关于第一个大陆是如何形成关键传记细节。

This unique population distribution creates a lot of fascinatingly bizarre situations across the continent.

这种独特人口分布在整个大陆上形成了许多令人着迷怪异情况。

South America would also be severely flooded with two new inland seas existing on the continent.

南美洲也将被水大量淹没，以至于在大陆里会形成两片新内陆海。

The more popular explanation for the first continent formation points the finger at plumes of hot matter rising from the Earth's mantle to the surface, much like bubbles in a lava lamp.

对于第一个大陆形成，更流行解释是热质从地幔上升到地表，很像熔岩灯中气泡。

It gets way harder to map the world before Pangea.

在盘古大陆形成之前，绘制世界地图变得异常困难。

Many volcanoes on earth arise because an oceanic tectonic plate crashes into a continental plate.

地球上许多火山是因为一块海洋板块碰撞到大陆板块而形成。

Earth's crust thickens and heavy continents form, the oceans become shallower.

地壳变厚，重大大陆形成，海洋变得浅了。

In other words the Great Dying formed at the same time when Pangaea actually formed.

换句话，大灭绝事件与盘古大陆形成几乎同时发生。