Here's how Montesquieu put it. He said, " A truly virtuous man would come to the aid of the most distant stranger as quickly as to his own friend."

德斯鸠是这么说的。他说：“真正良善的会像帮助朋友一般，迅速地对最无的陌以援手。”

The important names are Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau, but there were many, many others.

重要的名字是德斯鸠、伏尔泰和卢梭， 但还有很多很多其他。

Some authors, such as Montesquieu, saw the parlements as a significant break on royal prerogatives.

一些作者，如德斯鸠，认议会是限制王权的重要因素。

Branches of Government Although it may seem commonplace to us today,   separating power within the government is a relatively new idea that took hold during  the Enlightenment with the help of a French philosopher known as Montesquieu.

4. 政府部门 尽管今天对我们来说这似乎很常见，但政府内部的权力分离是一个相对较新的想法，它是在启蒙运动期间在法国哲学家德斯鸠的帮助下流行起来的。

Although he hoped to be a doctor, Hamilton read widely and became as familiar with the writings of classical antiquity as he did with the Enlightenment philosophy of thinkers such as John Locke, David Hume, and Montesquieu.

虽然他希望一名医，汉密尔顿广泛阅读，对古典古代的着作和像约翰·洛克、大卫·休谟以及德斯鸠这样的启蒙思想家的作品一样熟悉。

Because Montesquieu, as they would later write, informed them that if the legislative becomes part of the executive, or the executive becomes part of the judicial, or judicial becomes part of the executive, you will have tyranny.

因德斯鸠后来写道，如果立法机行政机的一部分，或者行政机司法机的一部分，或者司法机行政机的一部分，那么就会出现专制。

This and the consent of the governed would become the central planks of democracy, while both Locke's and Montesquieu's thoughts on the separation of powers were key to shaping the U.S. Congress.

这和民的同意了民主的核心支柱，而洛克和德斯鸠于权力分立的思想对塑造美国国会至重要。

The high rate of interest among all Mahometan nations is accounted for by M. Montesquieu, not from their poverty, but partly from this, and partly from the difficulty of recovering the money.

德斯鸠先解释了所有伊斯兰教国家的高利率，不是因他们的贫穷，而是部分原因在于此，部分原因在于收回货币的困难。

And if you look at the Federalist Papers, the intellectual most cited in the Federalist Papers, I think, in terms of just the number of times it's cited, is Montesquieu.

如果你查阅《联邦党文集》，我认，就引用次数而言，被引用最多的思想家是德斯鸠。

It was inspired by the Enlightenment thinkers, from Rousseau to Montesquieu, and by the American Declaration of Independence of 1776, 13 years before.

它受到了启蒙思想家的影响，从卢梭到德斯鸠， 并且受到了1776年美国《独立宣言》的启发， 那是在13年前的事。

But I was able to read three volumes of Montesquieu this summer for the first time because of the Marrakesh Treaty.

但因有了马拉喀什条约，我今年夏天第一次读完了德斯鸠的三卷着作。

Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire, Montesquieu, Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau believed that the world was an object of study and that people could understand and control the world by means of reason and empirical research.

启蒙思想家, 如伏尔泰、德斯鸠、洛克、霍布斯和卢梭认, 世界是一个研究对象, 们可以通过理性和实证研究来理解和控制世界。

Jefferson not only collected books, he read them with an unquenchable appetite - Cicero in Latin, Plato in Greek, Montesquieu in French, Cervantes in Spanish.

杰斐逊不仅收集书籍, 还以无法抑制的胃口阅读书籍 - - 西塞罗的拉丁文、柏拉图的希腊文、德斯鸠的法文、塞万提斯的西班牙文。

Or they may try all these without having read Montesquieu's The Spirit of Laws, Rousseau's The Social Contract, and Locke's second treatise Of Civil Government.

或者，他们可能在没有读过德斯鸠的《法律精神》、卢梭的《社会契约论》和洛克的第二篇《公民政府》论文的情况下尝试所有这些。

The Spirit  of the Laws was so controversial that the Catholic Church banned the book only three years after  it was published, but even they could not stop Montesquieu's ideas.

《法律的精神》引起了如此大的争议，以至于天主教会在该书出版仅三年后就禁止了这本书，但即使他们也无法阻止德斯鸠的思想。

It was mentioned a little bit earlier than that by John Locke in his writings, but Montesquieu was very specific about what he had in mind.

这比约翰·洛克在他的著作中稍早提到的内容更具体，但德斯鸠对其想法表述得非常明确。

As his own hard taskmaster, he studied Locke, Hume, Montesquieu, and other political philosophers.

作自己严苛的导师, 他学习了洛克、休谟、德斯鸠和其他政治哲学家。

Montesquieu's work influenced the revolutions in the late 1700s, changing how people set up their  republican governments and influencing how we see government today.

德斯鸠的著作影响了 1700 年代末的革命，改变了们建立共和政府的方式，并影响了我们今天对政府的看法。

John Locke was the most important philosopher during the Revolutionary period, and Montesquieu was the most important philosopher.

约翰·洛克是革命时期最重要的哲学家，而德斯鸠是最重要的哲学家。

It had been mentioned a couple hundred years earlier by Montesquieu in his writings.

这在几百年前就被德斯鸠在他的著作中提到过。