Hawking was also a cosmologist, a mathematician and an author.

霍金也一位宇宙家、数家和作家。

While a present-day cosmologist might describe the stabilising influence of our Earth's tilt.

而当今的宇宙家会描述月球对地球倾斜的稳定很大作用。

Figuring out what dark energy is, is probably the number one goal of cosmologists today.

搞清楚暗量什么宇宙家现在排在首位的目标。

The second way to measure curvature is to measure the thing that causes space to curve in the first place: the density of energy and matter throughout the Universe. Which cosmologists have also measured.

宇宙中物质和量的密度。宇宙家也对此进行测量。

And that lets cosmologists look back to the very dawn of the universe.

让宇宙家回顾宇宙的黎明时期。

Most cosmologists agree that the universe began with a gigantic explosion known as the Big Bang, but some believe that this event will inevitably lead to the end of the universe itself, known as the Big Rip.

多数宇宙家确信宇宙源于一场称作宇宙大爆炸的巨大的爆炸，但某些宇宙家也相信，宇宙大爆炸会不避免地通往宇宙的终结，这被称为大撕裂。

Cosmologists have come up with a name, dark energy.

宇宙家给它字，暗量。

Cosmologists are making sense of startling discoveries.

宇宙家正在研究那些惊人的发现。

To be clear, this concept is important to cosmologists, but it can be weird and confusing to someone who is just learning about all this.

需要说明的，这个概念对宇宙家来说很重要，但对于刚开始习这些的人来说，它很奇怪，很令人感到困惑。

The big issue, even for cosmologists today, is whether or not that primordial state contained some of the information needed for the appearance and development of the cosmos.

即使对今天的宇宙家来说，这也个大问题：原始形态否包含对宇宙的外观和发展所需的一些信息。

Supernovae provided the explanation, and it was an English cosmologist almost as singular in manner as Fritz Zwicky who figured it out.

超新星提供解释。这个解释一位几乎像弗里茨? 兹威基一样行为古怪的英国宇宙家作出的。

Boltzmann didn't get quite that far in his thinking; the brains themselves were introduced by later cosmologists building on his work.

玻尔兹曼在他的想法中并没有到达这一步，大脑本身的理论由后续宇宙家基于他的成果得出。

But even without being able to see the universe in those first instants, cosmologists are pretty sure about a few things.

但即使不在最初的瞬间看到宇宙，宇宙家也相当确定一些事情。

In this context, Boltzmann's paradox has found renewed interest by contemporary cosmologists.

在这种情况下，玻尔兹曼悖论重新引当代宇宙家的兴趣。

And by comparison, the entire universe is very simple and even the cosmologists will admit that.

相比之下，整个宇宙非常简单，甚至宇宙家也会承认这一点。

Cosmologists have done the equivalent of measuring our Universe's triangles by looking at a picture of the early Universe, and studying the spatial relationship between different points on that picture.

宇宙家进行类似的实验，通过观察早期宇宙的图像，研究图中不同点之间的空间关系来测量我们宇宙的三角形。

Interestingly, the man who found the answer to that question was a cosmologist who heartily despised the Big Bang as a theory and coined the term Big Bang sarcastically, as a way of mocking it.

有意思的，找到这个问题答案的人却一位压根儿瞧不大爆炸理论的宇宙家，他还创造大爆炸这个词来加以讽刺挖苦。

Cosmologists have found a way to picture the universe in its entirety — confirmation of the tremendous power of making maps.

宇宙家已经找到一种方法从整体上来描绘宇宙——这对强大的绘制力量的证明。

So as cosmologists what we do is we apply Einstein's theory of relativity to the universe as a whole.

作为宇宙家，我们要做的就把爱因斯坦的相对论应用到整个宇宙中。

Cosmologists worked out that there must be some form of energy that keeps the universe from collapsing.

宇宙家推论必定存在某种量使宇宙免于坍缩。