He knows his empiricism from his logical positivism, and as you'll hear, computers found a way into his philosophy.

他从他逻实主义中了解他经主义，你将会听到，计算机找到了进入他哲学方法。

Now, you might be wondering where the " positive" in " positivist" comes into play.

现在，您可能想知道“实主义者”中“积极”在何处发挥作用。

18-2-1The Principle of Verification Logical positivists charged that metaphysical statements are meaningless.

18-2-1原则 逻实主义者指责形而上学陈述毫无意义。

Accordingly, the logical positivists formulated the verification principle.

因此，逻实主义者制定了原则。

18-2-2Carnap'sLogical Analysis Among the foremost members of the Vienna Circle was the eminent positivist Rudolph Carnap (1891–1970).

18-2-2卡纳普逻分析维也纳圈最成员之一是杰出实主义者鲁道夫·卡纳普（Rudolph Carnap，1891-1970）。

Unlike the positivists he did not reject the statements of metaphysics outright.

与实主义者不同，他并没有完全拒绝形而上学陈述。

There are, of course, limitations to sociology as a positivist discipline.

当然，社会学作为一门实主义学科存在局限性。

We discussed positivist sociology and how sociologists use empirical evidence to explore questions about the social world.

我们讨论了实主义社会学以及社会学家如何使用经据来探索有关社会世界问题。

Also inspired by Comte and other nineteenth-century positivists, they were disposed to reject metaphysics as outdated by science.

同样受到孔德和其他 19 世纪实主义者启发，他们倾向于拒绝形而上学，认为它已经过时了。

The next movement in analytic philosophy—logical positivism—attempted to rid philosophy of metaphysical entities once and for all.

分析哲学下一个运动——逻实主义——试图一劳永逸地摆脱哲学中形而上学实体。

Members of the Vienna Circle called themselves logical positivists—or sometimes logical empiricists—to differentiate themselves from the earlier Comtean positivists and Humean empiricists.

维也纳圈成员称自己为逻实主义者——有时是逻经主义者——以区别于早期孔德实主义者和休米亚经主义者。

But the problem the logical positivists faced was whether to consider scientific statements meaningful.

但逻实主义者面临问题是，是否认为科学陈述有意义。

Logical positivists did not answer this question in any formal way.

逻实主义者没有以任何正式方式回答这个问题。

Logical positivists recognized this problem and said that their principle was more like a recommendation than a meaningful scientific contention.

逻实主义者认识到了这个问题，并表示他们原则更像是一个建议，而不是一个有意义科学争论。

But yet another problem with positivist sociology is that not all social facts can be applied to all people, in all time periods.

但实主义社会学另一个问题是，并非所有社会事实都适用于所有时期所有人。

Because of all these problems, logical positiviststoned down the intensity of their views.

由于所有这些问题，逻实主义削弱了他们观点强度。

Now, whether you’re using it to explore the natural world or the social world, the scientific method is rooted in the philosophy known as positivism.

现在，无论你是用它来探索自然世界还是社会世界， 科学方法都植根于被称为实主义哲学。

But logical positivism was only the most recent effort to put forth an empiricist agenda.

但逻实主义只是提出经主义议程最新努力。

Others noted inherent defects with the verification principle, which the logical positivists themselves soon recognized.

其他人指出了原则固有缺陷，逻实主义者自己很快就认识到了这一点。

18-2-4Quine's Critique of Empiricism By the mid-twentieth century logical positivism as a movement was largely a thing of the past.

18-2-4奎因对经主义批判 到 20 世纪中叶，逻实主义作为一种运动在很大程度上已成为过去。