They form due to convection in Jupiter's atmosphere.

它们由木星大气对流产生。

When you see the top of a storm cloud flattening out into the classic anvil shape, you are looking at the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere.

当你看到一片雷雨云顶端扩展成典型砧形，你在看着对流和平疏交界之处。

This mammoth skyscraper will extend for more than 12 miles from top to bottom, meaning its “roof” or top will be somewhere in the troposphere, far above the Earth's surface.

这座巨大摩天大楼将从上到下延伸超过12英里，这意味着它“屋顶”或顶部将位于对流某处，远离地球表面。

Two months ago Disney began a corporate restructuring to increase its focus on streaming.

两，迪士尼开始了企业重组，并加大了对流媒体关注。

It's very difficult to make measurements of convection in a spreading fire.

在蔓延大火测量对流非常困难。

The energy travels outward through a large area called the convective zone.

能量向外通过一大片称为对流区区域。

That causes the soup of pollutants in the troposphere to become more concentrated, says Sinha.

这导致对流污染物更加集，辛哈说。

Below a certain threshold, they will not be strong enough to overcome the convective mixing of the gas at the surface, and spots will disappear altogether.

低于一定临界值话，它们将不足以克服表面气体对流混合，因而太阳黑子将完全消失。

And like the hot air above a candle, the warm rock rises in convection currents over millions of years, spreading heat more evenly throughout the planet.

像蜡烛上方热空气一样，温暖岩石对流上升几百万年后，将热量更均匀地扩散到整地球上。

All the water inside a container becomes hot when you only apply heat to the bottom of that container, which is a classic example of convection.

当你只对容器底部加热时，容器内水就会变热，这对流一经典例子。

Novopangea is merely what would happen if the convection currents in the mantle carry on exactly as they are and don't change.

如果地幔对流保持现状不变，就会形成新盘古大陆。

The mesosphere is the third-highest layer of Earth's atmosphere above the stratosphere and the troposphere, which starts at the Earth's surface.

间平流和对流之上地球大气第三高，始于地球表面。

Conduction is the transfer of heat between solid objects, convection uses the movement of fluids, while radiation relies on electromagnetic waves.

传导指两固体之间热量转移，对流运用流体运动，辐射利用电磁波。

The Falcon 9 Rockets carried a satellite that will operate NASA's tropospheric emissions, monitoring of pollution instrument or Tempo.

猎鹰九号火箭搭载了一颗卫星，该卫星将运行NASA对流污染监测仪器。

Driving along this causeway, you can see that the water exchange is restricted to just a small aperture.

沿着这条堤道行驶，你可以看到水交换对流被限制在一很小孔内。

There's no fan in here, so the only convection you're getting is naturally from the heat elements.

这里没有风扇，所以唯一对流来自热元件自然对流。

So, for example, windows located above the troposphere will need to be very thick.

例如，位于对流上方窗户需要非常厚。

Convection is the mass movement of a fluid: hot water rising, for example.

对流液体整体移动，比如热水上升。

Converging currents drive plates into each other; diverging currents pull them apart.

汇聚对流导致板块分裂，分散对流则会聚合板块。

As a result, these events are officially known as " wind anomalies from thermal convection" .

因此，这些事件被正式称为“热对流引起风异常”。