The kinked configuration is called the" cis isomer" and the straight one is the trans isomer.

结状排“顺式异构体”线状排，“反式异构体”。

These different structures for compounds that have the same molecular formula are called isomers.

具有相同分子式的化合物的这些不同结构称异构体。

So the number of atoms is butane only allows for 2 isomers, n-butane and isobutane.

所以原子数丁烷只允许2种异构体， 正丁烷和异丁烷。

But pentane, C5H12, has 3 possible isomers and C6H14, known as hexane, has 5.

但戊烷 C5H12 有 3 种可能的异构体， 而称己烷的 C6H14 有 5 种。

Thus, no isomers with alkynes. Phew. OK I'm done describing for the moment.

因此，与炔烃没有异构体。呸。好的，我暂时完描述。

You would have to break the pi bond, and thus, the entire molecule to rotate between isomers.

你必须打破 pi 键，因此，整个分子才能在异构体之间旋转。

But if the parts are different, it's possible to have two totally different isomers of the same compound.

但，部分不同，则同一化合物可能有两种完全不同的异构体。

They're not structural isomers like n-butane and i-butane, instead, they're what we call cis-trans isomers.

它们不像正丁烷和正丁烷那样的结构异构体，相反，它们就我们所说的顺反异构体。

But looking at this table of the number of possible isomers you could see that that escalated quickly.

但查看这张可能的异构体数量表， 您会发现它迅速增加。

Well we know that they're unsaturated alkenes because saturated fats don't have double bonds, and thus, can't have cis- and trans- isomers.

我们知道它们不饱和烯烃， 因饱和脂肪没有双键，因此不会有顺式和反式异构体。

They call that isobutane and it is an isomer of butane, but according to these all important rules of nomenclature, it's not actually any sort of butane at all.

他们称其异丁烷， 它丁烷的异构体，但根据所有重要的命名规则， 它实际上根本不丁烷。

Evolution has provided a goodly range of these in the form of enzymes, which are large, complicated and sometimes temperamental protein molecules, but which have the advantage that they can create pure versions of what are known as optical isomers.

进化以酶的形式提供了大量的这类物质，这些酶大型的、复杂的、有时还会变化无常的蛋白质分子，但它们的优点可以产生被称光学异构体的纯净版本。