In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications.

2016 年，研究人员开发了一种算法，用于识别可疑的引用模式，包括众多大相互引用的作者和频繁相互引用以提高其版影响因子的刊。

It works as an anti-inflammatory and similar to other remedies, influences cytokine production in the body.

它可以作为一种抗炎药，和其他药一样，能够影响体内细胞因子的产生。

The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title's impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates.

科学界通过多种方式衡这些论文的质，包括认知质（反映刊的影响因子中）以及某篇论文获得的引用次数。

And so for people that don't know, the impact factor of a journal is basically the average number of citations that a paper would get if it gets published on that journal.

因此，对于不了解的人来说，刊的影响因子基本上是指一篇论文刊上发表后，平均会获得的引用次数。

But impact factor is something that Gene Garfield created a long time ago.

但影响因子是 Gene Garfield 很久以前创造的。

So you have hundreds of PhD students that are trying to get to a professor position, and it's hyper-competitive, and the only way for you to get there is if you publish papers, ideally in journals, with a high impact factor.

因此， 你会有成百上千的博士生竞相争取教授职位，竞争异常激烈， 而你唯一能脱颖而的途径就是发表论文，理想情况下是具有高影响因子的刊上发表。

Nature, I believe it's like in the low 40s.

《自然》杂志，我相信其影响因子大约40头。

They have names like the universal impact factor, UIF, or the global impact factor, GIF, or the journal impact factor, JIF.

它们具有通用影响因子 （UIF） 或全球影响因子 （GIF） 或刊影响因子 JIF 等名称。

Make sure that they are actually doing peer review, and try to find out whether a journal's claimed impact factor is correct.

确保他们确实进行同行评审，并尝试找刊声称的影响因子是否正确。

So one of the highest impact factors in medicine journals.

所以这是医学刊中影响因子最高的之一。

It goes a lot into how the impact factor and metrics affect science negatively.

它深入探讨了影响因子和指标如何对科学产生负面影响。

I saw this week an article in Nature Physics which has an impact factor of 19, it's a great journal.

本周我《自然-理学》上看到一篇文章, 它的影响因子为19, 这是一本很棒的刊。

So it's again, convincing the researchers and especially the young researchers that need

因此，关键于说服研究人员，尤其是那些迫切需要影响力因子、需要发表论文以获得引用的年轻研究者，让他们放弃传统刊，转而选择开放刊发表自己的研究成果。

People will try to optimize the impact factors and the citations that they get.

人们会试图优化他们获得的影响因子和引用次数。

The problem with the impact factor is that it's a way to turn papers into accounting units.

影响因子的弊端于，它是一种将论文转化为会计单位的方式。

But so you can really think that

因此，对于不了解的人来说，刊的影响因子基本上是指刊上发表的论文平均能获得的引用次数。但你可以这样理解，影响因子的问题于，它将论文转化为了会计单位。

Need that impact factor, need those publications to have citations, to not publish on the traditional journal and go on an open journal and publish their work there.

需要那个影响因子， 需要那些能被引用的版，而不是传统刊上发表， 而是选择开放刊并那里发表他们的研究成果。

And let me unpack this, because the impact factor is almost like a nobility title.

让我解释一下，因为影响因子几乎就像一个贵族头衔。

And then you have a really good set of good journals that will fall between 10 and 30. And then you have a gigantic tale of journals that have impact factor below two.

然后你有一批非常优秀的刊，其影响因子介于10到30之间。接着是大影响因子低于2的刊，形成了一个庞大的尾部。

And so they end up publishing as many papers as they can in journals with low impact factor.

因此，他们最终尽可能多地发表论文那些影响因子较低的刊上。