Currently, the most effective way to get rid of dandruff is by using antifungals in things like shampoos, applied directly to the scalp, to kill Malassezia.

通，摆脱头皮屑最有效的方法是用含抗真菌成分的洗发露直接抹头皮上去杀死马拉色菌。

The sap has also been shown to have antifungal properties and can be used to treat athlete's foot.

这种汁液还被证明具有抗真菌的特性，可以用来治疗脚气。

And we know from previous studies that the gorgonian corals have this mucous layer which has antibacterial and antifungal properties.

我们从以前的研究，蛇颈珊瑚有一种具有抗菌和抗真菌特性的黏液层。

The use of antifungal agents for months, topically and orally.

局部和口服抗真菌药物的使用，持续数月。

But if this is a first-time occurrence or it looks unusual in any way, you might need a teledermatology appointment to assess what's going on and potentially get a prescription for an antibiotic or anti-fungal cream.

但是，如果这是第一次发生或看起来有任何异， 您可能需要进行远程皮肤科预约以评估正发生的事情， 并可能获抗生素或抗真菌药膏的处方。

" There is this really difficult balance between the need for food security and the need for protection of our [antifungals], " says Michael Bromley, a microbiologist from the University of Manchester.

曼彻斯特大学的微生物学家迈克尔·布朗利：“保障粮食安全和保护我们的（抗真菌药物）之间，存着一个非难以协调的平衡。”

Some research suggests these aldehydes also have antifungal and antibacterial properties, so they may be helping stink bugs fight diseases at the same time.

一些研究明， 这些醛类还具有抗真菌和抗菌的特性，因此它们可能同时帮助臭虫抵抗疾病。

People will use these really aggressive antifungal treatments, like really aggressive, and they'll do it for like one to two weeks.

人们会使用非激进的抗真菌治疗方法，非激进的那种， 他们会持续一到两周。

And we know from previous studies that the gorgonian corals have this mucus layer, which has antibacterial and antifungal properties.

我们从之前的研究道， 柳珊瑚具有一层黏液层，这层黏液具有抗菌和抗真菌的特性。

We're relying on just a few drugs for all of these cases because antifungal drugs are tricky to develop.

我们依赖少数几种药物来应对所有这些病例，因为抗真菌药物的研发非棘手。

With pathogenic fungi becoming ever more resistant to existing anti-fungals, dung beetles have never looked more attractive.

随着致病真菌对现有抗真菌药物的抵抗力越来越强，蜣螂变前所未有的有吸引力。

In general, they're basically taking this really aggressive antifungal and they're just expecting that everything is going to clear up and that it's not going to come back.

总的来说，他们基本上是使用这种非强力的抗真菌药物，并且期望一切都会好转，而且不会复发。

Some researchers believe that it was because of the antibacterial and antifungal properties of capsaicin, helping to keep other crops like beans fresh.

一些研究人员认为， 这是因为辣椒素具有抗菌和抗真菌的特性，有助于保持豆类等其他作物的新鲜度。

So how do you begin to solve this massive problem of antifungal resistance when new antifungals are notoriously hard to develop?

那么，当新的抗真菌药物 notoriously 难以开发时，你该如何开始解决这一巨大的抗真菌耐药性问题呢？

We see resistance in C. auris, some strains, to almost all of the antifungals that we use.

我们发现，某些菌株，白色念珠菌对几乎所有我们使用的抗真菌药物都产生了耐药性。

Dr. Rhodes says it would also help to quit using so many antifungals in agriculture.

罗兹博士说，减少农业使用的抗真菌剂也会有帮助。

And all of three of these do tend to have more resistance to antifungals than Candida albicans.

这三种念珠菌对唑类抗真菌药的耐药性确实比白念珠菌更强。

It's not like a new infection per se, but we're seeing increases in fluconazole resistance, which is one of the main antifungals that we use, especially for like mucocutaneous infections and things like that.

这并非一种全新的感染，但我们确实观察到氟康唑耐药性的上升，氟康唑是我们主要使用的抗真菌药物之一，尤其针对黏膜皮肤感染等病症。

And that's usually a shorter course, unless it's a more resistant strain or you have recurrence or something like that, then sometimes you need a prolonged course of oral antifungals.

通情况下， 疗程较短，除非感染的是更具抗药性的菌株， 或者出现复发等情况，这时有时就需要延长口服抗真菌药物的治疗时间。

Especially when it comes to C. auris, something like 13 to 35% of isolates are found to be resistant to essentially all the antifungals that we have.

特别是对于耳念珠菌，我们发现大约13%到35%的分离株对目前所有的抗真菌药物都产生了抗药性。