A kid who knows to add an x-cubed term to a simple harmonic oscillator.

个知道给简单谐振子加个x的立方的孩子。

These particles, called spinons, orbitons, and holons, carry the properties of the electron and can travel off in different directions.

些准粒子称为自旋振子、轨道振子和整子，它们携带有电子的属性，会朝不同方向发散。

And this waviness tells us that what happened in this experiment is that the electron was split into spinons and orbitons.

个波纹告诉我们，在次实验中，电子分裂为自旋振子和轨道振子。

And to build a little intuition, take a moment to think about what would happen if the frequency of the incoming light was something very close to the resonant frequency of this oscillator.

为了建立些直觉，时间思考下，如果入射光的频率非常接近个振子的共振频率，会发生什么。

In a very simple system, like a one-dimensional simple harmonic oscillator, like a pendulum, think about understanding the whole universe without understanding the initial conditions.

在个非常简单的系统中， 比如维简谐振子，像钟摆那样， 试想在不了解初始条件的情况下试图理解整个宇宙。

This term, square root of k divided by m, has a special name, it's called the resonant frequency for our simple harmonic oscillator.

个术语， k除以m的平方根，有个特殊的名称， 它被称为我们简谐振子的共振频率。

Although a key difference here is that the frequency of that external force in general has nothing to do with the resonant frequency of that little oscillator.

尽管里的关键差异在于，外部力的频率通常与那个小振子的共振频率无关。

You cannot truly explain the light separation until you get down to the driven harmonic oscillator.

你无法真正解释光的分离，直到你深入到受驱简谐振子的层面。