If you were to put yourself into a cold environment, we would experience in our vasculature, something known as vasoconstriction.

如果你把自己放在一个寒冷环境中，我们系统就会出现一种叫做收缩现象。

In another heat-preserving response -- called vasoconstriction -- blood vessels temporarily narrow.

在另一种称为收缩保温反应中， 会暂时变窄。

OK, so let's summarize Pearl 1 on vasoconstrictive treatment for hepatorenal syndrome.

好，我们来总结一下关综合征收缩治疗珍珠1。

I have to imagine the answer is yes, given what you said earlier about vasoconstriction versus vasodilation.

我想答案是肯定，考虑到你之前关收缩与舒张说法。

Thromboxane helps create blood clots and scabs by constricting your blood vessels and recruiting platelets to clump together.

栓素通过收缩你并召集小板聚集成团来帮助形成凝块和痂。

I think sometimes I see albumin given with one of these three vasoconstrictors, sometimes we don't.

我觉得有时候会把白蛋白和这三种收缩药中一种一起使用，有时候则不会。

But even when they use it in surgery, and they use 100 milligrams plus, these people don't get vasoconstriction.

即便在手术中使用美蓝，且剂量超过100毫克， 这些患者也不会出现收缩情况。

It's also metabolized by the liver, and cocaine causes capillaries in the mouth and esophagus to constrict, making it harder for it get absorbed.

可卡因被脏代谢，也能够导致口腔毛细和食毛细收缩，这使得药物更难被吸收。

And the thought is that this reverses the cascade that actually led up to that vasoconstriction in the first place.

其思路是，这可以逆转最初导致收缩连锁反应。

And what that means, come to expect it, is that coffee has chemicals in it that will constrict your blood vessels everywhere.

这意味着， 可以预期是，咖啡中含有能让全身收缩化学物质。

And that is enough to offset that severe constriction survival, but it is cold enough to invoke all the changes that we want with cold water exposure.

这足以抵消严重收缩带来生存问题，但又足够冷以引发我们想要所有冷水接触变化。

So like, what I found very interesting about methanol blue is that I think there's a lot of like, compensation mechanisms that's going on that we don't know about, where it inhibits nitric oxide, but these people don't get vasoconstriction.

所以， 我发现美蓝非常有趣一点是，我认为其中存在许多我们尚未了解补偿机制，它抑制了一氧化氮， 但这些人并没有出现收缩情况。