He'd also seek out patients undergoing bloodletting in order to take all their life juice for himself.

他还会寻找正在接受治疗病，以便把他们液都拿来自己喝掉。

How people were bled varied with time, place, and practitioner.

们进行方式因时间、地点和医生不同而异。

Circa 1000 CE, Al-Zarrawi describes surgical instruments for use in bloodletting.

约1000年，阿尔-扎拉维描述了用于外科手术工具。

Doctors who believed in the four humors and used cupping or leeches to drain blood.

相信四体液理论并使用拔罐或水蛭医生。

But bloodletting's shortcomings began to show.

然而，疗法弊端开始显现。

They subjected her to a kind of dizzying array of drugs and, you know, leeches and blistering her scalp.

他们让她接受了一种令眼花缭乱药物组合治疗，你知道， 还有和烫伤她头皮。

This is an excerpt from the Clotted Book, being the scriptures and commandments for the Church of Letting Blood.

这是《凝书》中一段摘录，该书是教会圣经和戒律。

For 3,000 years, people have been cut or given leeches to let out the blood because they thought that would make people better.

在长达3000年时间里，们划破皮肤或使用水蛭吸，因为他们认为善他们身体。

So, maybe all those bloodletting patients from the past didn't understand what improvements in biomarkers meant, but found that they felt a little better.

所以，也许过去所有病都不明白生物标记善意味着什么，但他们发现自己感觉好了一点。

They also memorized poems to commit information to memory— such as one identifying where on the body bloodletting should be performed.

他们还通过背诵诗歌来记忆信息，比如一首确定应该在身体哪个部位进行诗歌。

The practice of medicinal bloodletting, the removal of blood to cure disease, is thought to have originated in ancient Egypt around 3000 BCE.

医疗做法，即通过来治疗疾病，被认为起源于公元前3000年左右古埃及。

It's hard for me to ignore the fact that for Anna, the cure is either performing a painful, traumatic, and potentially dangerous bloodletting, or a possibly equally traumatic marriage and pregnancy.

对我来说，忽略这样一个事实是很困难：对于安娜来说，治愈方法要么是进行痛苦、创伤性且可危险治疗，要么是可同样具有创伤性婚姻和怀孕。

And I happen to see this really tiny study which had the unpromising name, sub-lethal behavior and physiological effects of the biomedical bleeding process on the American horseshoe crab, Limulus Polyphemus.

我碰巧看到了这项非常微小研究，它名称、亚致死行为以及对美洲鲎（Limulus Polyphemus）生物医学过程生理影响都没有什么希望。

Harvey's discovery led to a long series of medical advances, starting with the rejection of the age-old theory that bloodletting and the application of blood-sucking leeches were helpful in removing excess blood from the system.

哈维发现导致了一系列医学进步，首先就是摒弃了古老和使用吸水蛭来去除体内多余液理论。