Tree rings are made of tissue called xylem.

构成年轮的组织被称为木质部。

Carbon and water, more than 1,000 liters of water, in fact, flow freely through the phloem and xylem tubes carry it along.

碳和水，实际上超过 1000 升的水，自由流动于韧皮部和木质部的管道中。

So the xylem cells are transporting nutrients from the roots to the leaf, and the phloem are taking the freshly made sugar from the leaf to the rest of the plant.

所以木质部细胞将营养物质从根叶，韧皮部将新鲜的糖从叶物的其他部分。

Water comes up through the roots and stem and enters the leaf through a vascular bundle, which contains a hollow tube for water transport called the Xylem.

水从根部和茎部上来，通过维管束进入叶子，维管束包含一个空心管，用于运水，称为木质部。

And if we zoom in, we'll notice its xylem and phloem cells snuggled together, just like they were in the stem.

如果我们放大，我们会注意它的木质部和韧皮部细胞依偎在一起，就像它们在茎中一样。

Through that space stretches the vascular bundle, with xylem to transport water and phloem which transport sugars after photosynthesis.

通过这个空，出维管束，木质部负责运水，韧皮部负责在光合作用后运糖。

Xylem cells transport water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.

木质部细胞将水和营养物质从根叶。

And there are two main types of cells that make up that vascular tissue: xylem and phloem.

构成维管组织的细胞主要有两种：木质部和韧皮部。

The xylem cells, which are moving water and nutrients up through the stem, are clumped toward the inside of the bundle, and the phloem, which is transporting sugars down through the plant, is clustered toward the outside.

木质部细胞负责将水分和营养物质通过茎部向上，它们向束的内部聚集，韧皮部负责将糖分向下，它们向束的外部聚集。

After water flows from the roots to the leaves through the xylem, it can exit the plant through the tiny stomata mouths.

水通过木质部从根流向叶后，再通过细小的气孔口排出株。

Sclerenchyma supports organs that are fully mature, and similar to xylem, it has cells that are dead inside (physically, not emotionally) .

厚壁组织支持完全成熟的器官，与木质部相似，它有从内部死亡的细胞（我指的是身体上，而不是情感上）。

Thirsty elephants tear off the trees' bark and wood to get to the water inside.

口渴的象群撕开树皮和木质部，只为汲取其中蕴藏的水分。

Word is that you're hogging all the xylem around these parts.

消息称你在这附近独占了所有的木质部汁液。

There are really tiny tubes called xylem that allow water to move up it.

实际上，存在着称为木质部的微小管道，可以让水向上移动。

The ability to perceive the world through the eyes and ears of other beings, through the phloem and xylem of trees, even reconnects us, humans, to the fantasticand richly diverse network of organisms that make up our shared Earth.

通过其他生物的眼睛和耳朵、树木的韧皮部和木质部来感知世界的能力，甚至将我们人类与构成我们共同地球的奇妙而丰富多样的生物体网络重新连接起来。

But lycopods were also the earliest vascular plants, which means they were the first plants to contain xylem, a special tissue that moves water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.

但是， 石松类也是最早的维管物，这意味着它们是第一批含有木质部的物，木质部是一种特殊的组织， 负责将水分和养分从根部运叶子。

Your heartwood is gonna be older, obviously, because you know how you can tell a tree by the rings, those inner rings that we talked about, the xylem.

显然，心材会显得更老，这是显而易见的， 因为你了解通过年轮来判断一棵树的年龄，就是我们之前讨论过的那些内部年轮，即木质部。 对吧，当形成层不断生成更多的木质部细胞时， 它们会位于心材的外部。

The pith is encircled by a ring of xylem, and xylem is encircled by a ring of phloem… phloem, and pith growth is usually pale in color.

髓被一圈木质部包围，木质部又被一圈韧皮部… … 韧皮部包围，髓生长通常呈浅色。

As the plant grows, stem cell clusters called meristems generate new xylem cells, which form bigger pipes to suit the plant's needs.

随着物的生长，被称为分生组织的干细胞簇产生新的木质部细胞，这些细胞形成更大的管道以适应物的需要。

Let's explore: there's wooden components... and bolts and wheels... and –transmitters?

让我们来探索一下：这里有木质部件… … 还有一些螺栓和轮子… … 还有——发射器？