This ribosome reads the instructions from the nucleus.

核糖体读取细胞核的指示。

That DNA damage is what causes sunburn, skin cancer, and eventually wrinkles.

脱氧核糖核酸损伤是导致晒伤和皮肤癌的原因，最终产生皱纹。

Nobel Prize in Medicine awarded to scientists who laid foundation for messenger RNA vaccines.

诺贝尔医学奖授予为信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗奠定基础的科学家。

The messenger RNA travels to a ribosome.

信使RNA前往核糖体。

Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells.

赖斯表示，核糖体负责在细胞中成蛋白质。

Muscle contraction, transporting molecules throughout the body, synthesizing DNA, etc.

肌肉缩，在全身运输分子，成脱氧核糖核酸。

Wait! But isn't DNA the building blocks of life?

。但生命的基石不是脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）吗？

They make things that the cell needs, like proteins!

核糖体成细胞需要的物质，例如蛋白质！

Additionally, lead poisoning can also denature ribonuclease which is an enzyme that degrades ribosomes.

此外，铅中毒还会使核糖核酸酶变性，是一种降解核糖体的酶。

They're also single-stranded, positive-sense ribonucleic acid, or RNA, viruses.

它们也是单链、正义核糖核酸（RNA）病毒。

Research on mRNA has gone on for about 30 years.

对信使核糖核酸的研究已经进行了大约30年。

Drug producers Moderna and Merck are developing a personalized mRNA vaccine for patients with melanoma.

制药商莫德纳和默克公司正在为黑色素瘤患者开发一种个人化的信使核糖核酸疫苗。

DNA stands for deoxyribose nucleic acid.

DNA 代表脱氧核糖核酸。

This is because of a machinery in their RNA that causes consistent errors in gene replication.

这是因为它们的核糖核酸中的一种机制导致了基因复制的一致错误。

He said, " These achievements highlight the potential of mRNA as a new drug class" .

" 这些成就突出了信使核糖核酸作为一种新的药物类别的潜力。"

They tested the concept by having mice breathe in genetic material called messenger RNA, or mRNA.

他们让老鼠吸被称为信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的遗传物质，以此来测试这一概念。

However, this is the first to show how the ribosomes can influence aging.

然而，该研究首次解释出核糖体是如何延缓衰老的。

There is so much DNA in our cells.

我们的细胞里有如此多的脱氧核糖核酸。

This molecular machine's name is a mouthful–Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase–but you can call it RuBisCO for short.

这个分子机器的名字很长——核糖-1，5-二磷酸羧化酶加氧酶——但你可以简称为 RuBisCO。

And this whole process in the ribosome is called translation.

核糖体中的整个过程称为“翻译过程”。