That DNA damage is what causes sunburn, skin cancer, and eventually wrinkles.

脱氧伤是导致晒伤和皮肤癌的原因，最终产生皱纹。

Decades before Watson and Crick were at work, Miescher was the first to identify what would become known as deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA.

在沃森与克里克工作的几十年前，Miescher 第一个确定了后来被称为脱氧或 DNA 的东西。

And in case you didn't know, DNA is short for deoxyribonucleic acid – this is a substance in the cells of animals and plants that contains genetic information.

以防你不知道，DNA是脱氧的简称，它是动植物细胞内承载遗传信息的物质。

Nobel Prize in Medicine awarded to scientists who laid foundation for messenger RNA vaccines.

诺贝尔医学奖授予为信使（mRNA）疫苗奠定础的科学家。

The messenger RNA travels to a ribosome.

信使RNA前往体。

Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells.

普赖斯表示，体负责在细胞中合成蛋白质。

Each nucleotide consists of a ribose sugar, phosphate group and nucleotide base.

每个苷由、磷团和苷碱组成。

They make things that the cell needs, like proteins!

体合成细胞需要的物质，例如蛋白质！

Additionally, lead poisoning can also denature ribonuclease which is an enzyme that degrades ribosomes.

此外，铅中毒还会使酶变性，是一种降解体的酶。

Research on mRNA has gone on for about 30 years.

对信使的研究已经进行了大约30年。

Drug producers Moderna and Merck are developing a personalized mRNA vaccine for patients with melanoma.

制药商莫德纳和默克公司正在为黑色素瘤患者开发一种个人化的信使疫苗。

The satellites can read a terrorist's DNA before he steps outside his spider hole.

卫星在某个恐怖分子走出他们的隐蔽坑之前就能读出他的 DNA （脱氧） 信息。

It is the party animal of the atomic world, latching on to many other atoms (including itself) and holding tight, forming molecular conga lines of hearty robustness-the very trick of nature necessary to build proteins and DNA.

它是元素世界的交际花，缠住许多别的原子（包括自己），紧紧搂住不放，结成了称心如意而又极为牢固的分子康茄舞伴——大自然创建蛋白质和DNA（脱氧）的奥秘就在这里。

The snot is rich with fresh DNA, viruses and bacteria, and is collected by a drone that hovers over the blowholes of humpback whales

鼻涕里富含新鲜的DNA（脱氧）、病毒、细菌。鼻涕是由无人机收集的。无人机就盘旋在座头鲸上方的气孔处。

Once attached to specific proteins on the T-cell, it begins to fuse the membranes together, and eventually enters the cell where it releases 2 viral RNA strands and 3 essential replication enzymes.

病毒一旦附着在T细胞特定的蛋白质上，便会开始和细胞膜融合，最后进入细胞释放2种滤过性毒菌链和3种本复制酶。

Among these are SNRPN which stands for Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide N and a cluster of snoRNAs, which stands for small nucleolar RNAs; these genes all have protein products that modify other RNAs.

这些因包括SNRPN因，即小蛋白多肽N因，以及snoRNAs（仁小RNA因簇）；这些因的蛋白产物可以修饰其它RNA。

It was here in 1953 that Francis Crick charged in, interrupting lunchtime service, to announce that he and James Watson had " discovered the secret of life" . How DNA carries genetic information.

1953 年，弗朗西斯·克里克就是闯进这里，打断了午餐服务，宣布他和詹姆斯·沃森 “发现了生命的秘密”即脱氧如何携带遗传信息。

And they identified all of the genes that were turned on during the performance—that is, those genes that actually got transcribed into RNAs that could be used to make proteins.

他们最终确定在演奏时所有被调动起来的因、那些被转换成的因都是可以用来制造蛋白质。

The search for the two black boxes was completed within seven days, with identification and DNA verification of all the passengers lost in the crash completed in eight days.

对两个黑匣子的搜寻在七天内完成，对坠机中所有乘客的身份和 DNA （脱氧，可辨别人的身份）验证在八天内完成。

Deep within the genetic heart of all our cells are telomeres, or repeating segments of noncoding DNA that live at the ends of the chromosomes.

在我们所有细胞的因心深处是端粒，即生活在染色体末端的非编码脱氧的重复片段。