The Vikings were the most famous pirates in medieval Europe.

维京人是中纪欧洲最著名海盗。

While in ancient China people believed the Northern Lights were a dragon's fiery breath, soldiers in Medieval Europe thought that a red aurora borealis marked the outbreak of war.

在古代中国， 人们认为极光是龙火气，而中纪欧洲士兵则认为红色极光标志着战争爆发。

At that time, according to the tradition of the European Medieval universities, only an institution with at least three colleges or schools could be called a university.

那时，按照欧洲中纪大学传统，只有当一个机构拥有3个以上学院时才能叫大学。

Bread was one of the most common foods during Europe's castle period, but most households didn't have their own grain.

面包是欧洲中纪最常见食物之一，但大多家庭都没有谷物。

Some historians believe the loss of the Alexandrian library, along with the dissolution of its huge community of scribes and scholars, created the conditions for the Dark Ages that descended across Europe as the Roman empire crumbled from within.

一些历史学家相信亚历山大图书馆毁灭，以及大量抄写员和学着群体解散，造成了黑暗时代（欧洲中纪）到来，欧洲中纪和罗马帝国衰落局面。

Now, we have a process in late Medieval Europe of the consolidation of territorial monarchies.

现在 我们来探讨欧洲中纪末期领土兼并以及王权强化。

As a girl in Medieval Europe, no one ever taught her to read or write or do other manly things.

作为一个生活在中纪欧洲女孩，从来没有人教她读书、写字或做其他有男子气概事情。

Although once killed about one third of the population of medieval Europe, bubonic plague can now be treated with antibiotics.

尽管黑死病一度夺去中纪欧洲近三分之一人口，如今这种病可通过抗生素得到治疗。

The old village was established hundreds of years ago during what is known as the Medieval period in Europe.

这个古老村庄建于前，即欧洲中纪时期。

I think this demonstrates the relatively higher social status of aristocratic women in medieval Europe than in China.

中纪欧洲贵族妇女比起同时期中国妇女来。社会地位相对高一些吧。

Nothing on this scale would be cast in Europe until the Middle Ages, over fifteen hundred years later.

直到一千五多后欧洲中纪，欧洲人才制造出与其规模相当物品。

Venice's geography all but guaranteed that it would become medieval Europe's principal center of commerce and trade.

威尼斯地理位置几乎保证了它将成为中纪欧洲主要商业和贸易中心。

Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europe's Middle Ages.

一些洞穴与欧洲中纪建造宗教中心一样庞大，洞穴墙壁被水晶覆盖。

The Middle Ages or medieval period lasted in Europe from the 5th to the 15th century.

在欧洲，中纪从5纪持续到了15纪。

With such a huge decrease in population, European medieval society as a whole was seriously affected.

随着人口急剧减少，整个欧洲中纪社会受到了严重影响。

We still don't really know, but what we do know is that this genre of literature was unlike anything before it in medieval Europe, and it coincided with the idealization of women.

我们仍然不知道，但我们知道是，这种文学类型不同于中纪欧洲之前任何文学类型，它与女性理想化相吻合。

The king who commissioned the Susannah Crystal was descended from one of the great figures of medieval Europe-Charlemagne.

下令制作苏撒拿水晶国王，是中纪欧洲赫赫有名查理曼大帝后代。

The shock of such devastation to the medieval European social structure was a major factor in the transition from the Middle Ages to the early Modern Period.

这种破坏对中纪欧洲社会结构冲击是中纪向近代早期过渡一个主要因素。

The doctors of medieval Europe had absolutely no idea how the plague started, what caused it, or how it spread, which meant they were pretty much at a loss on how to treat it or prevent others from catching it.

中纪欧洲医生完全不知道瘟疫是如何开始，是什么引起，或者它是如何传播，这意味着他们对如何治疗它或防止其他人感染它几乎束手无策。

My name is Kelly and today's video is all about the Black Death in medieval Europe.

我叫凯利，今天视频是关于中纪欧洲黑死病。