One ancient theory was an idea called vitalism, which claimed that living things were unique because they were filled with a special substance, or energy, that was the essence of life.

有一个被称为“活力论”古老理论认为生体独特，因为生充满特别或能量，就生。

So I think the vitalist idea is really that it's kind of a dualistic interpretation.

因此，我认为活力论观点实际上一二元论解释。

And then the vitalism that he's talking about is a bit unclear as well, but yeah, he's sympathetic to monism in some ways, but just not in the way it's used by Schopenhauer to explain things.

而且， 他所说活力论也有些模糊不清，但他确实以某方式同情一元论，只不认同叔华用它来解释事方式。

If vitalism, you mean that everything reduces to one single demi-urge.

如果说活力论，你意思万归结于一个单一造主。

I think what he says and something to the effect, he doesn't like the idea of an underlying metaphysical unity, but he's more sympathetic to a vitalistic unity.

我认为他说意思，他不喜欢那潜在形而上学统一性想法，但他更同情一活力论统一性。