CTLA-4's role is to calm lymphocytes down and stop them proliferating.

CTLA-4作用是让细胞冷静下来，阻止它们增殖。

Well, antibodies are made by white blood cells called b lymphocytes.

抗体是由一种叫 b 细胞白细胞产生。

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common childhood cancer although it remains rare.

急性细胞白血病是最常见儿童癌症，尽管其患病率很低。

And then you have the lymphocytes, which is all that antibody stuff.

然后是细胞，都属于抗体。

Or the others are lymphocytes, which produce antibodies.

另一种是产生抗体细胞。

As " type A" cells in the synovium attempt to remove the debris, immune cells like lymphocytes and macrophages are recruited into the synovial membrane, which produces proinflammatory cytokines that ultimately cause inflammation of the synovium as well, called synovitis.

滑膜上A型细胞努力清除这些碎片同时，免疫细胞（如细胞、巨噬细胞）也被募集进滑膜，产生炎症因子，最终导滑膜炎。

In other words, an autoimmune attack on the oligodendrocytes might happen, and then regulatory T cells will come in to inhibit or calm down the other immune cells, leading to a reduction in the inflammation.

换个说法，自身免疫攻击少突胶质细胞后，T调节细胞会赶到并安抚其它免疫细胞，从而减轻炎症。

In October 2023 the Indian government approved a cut-price domestic CAR-T therapy for B-lymphomas and B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, where one or more lines of treatment have failed.

2023年10月，印度政府批准了一种针对B瘤和B急性细胞白血病廉价国产CAR-T疗法，这些疗法中一种或多种疗法都失败了。

It can get picked up by a dendritic cell which is a type of immune cell that gobbles up foreign particles and presents it to a nearby lymphocyte called a T cell.

一种叫作树突状细胞免疫介导细胞将识别和吞噬吸粉，进而传递给邻近一组细胞：T细胞。

And when I would describe this to my father and tell him that we were going to take pig lymphocytes and put them into a patient, he was horrified.

当我向我父亲描述这件事并告诉他我们要把猪细胞放进病人体内时，他吓坏了。

Cortisol also helps to dampen the inflammatory and immune response by reducing the production and release of inflammatory mediators, like prostaglandins and interleukins, as well as inhibiting the proliferation of T-lymphocytes.

皮质醇也有助于抑制炎症和免疫反应，会降低如前列腺素和白细胞介素等炎症介质制造和释放，也会抑制T细胞增殖。

So, non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a tumor derived from lymphocytes - specifically B-cells and T-cells, which mainly live in the lymph nodes and move through the blood and lymphatic system.

非霍奇金瘤是一种源于细胞肿瘤，特别是B细胞和T细胞，他们主要存在于结中，并且通过血液和系统来流动。

These proteins aid lymphocytes, one of several kinds of white blood cells that fight pathogens, to travel more rapidly to infection sites.

HSPs 帮助细胞更快地到达感染部位，而细胞是几种对抗病原体白细胞之一。

Leila Richiewas just three months old when she was diagnosed with aggressive leukemia. Here is our health reporter James Gallagher.

3个月大理查德兹被确诊急性细胞白血病。请听本台健康记者詹姆斯·加拉格尔报道。

Another type of lymphoid organ are lymph nodes, which are tightly packed balls of lymphoid cells and protein.

另一种器官类型是结，它们是紧密包裹细胞和蛋白质。

But even with the drugs, the virus stays in the body's " T-cells, " which are T-lymphocytes.

然而即使服用了这些药物，病毒仍会停留在人体T细胞内，即T细胞之中。

Some lymphoid organs are in the form of diffuse lymphoid tissue, where they are just a loose arrangement of lymphoid cells and protein, this is typical in the lining of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract.

一些器官以弥散组织形式存在，它们只是由细胞和蛋白质松散排列而成，这在胃肠道和呼吸道内层很典型。

The underlying mechanism is unclear, but blood vessels show a pattern of lymphocyte infiltration and surrounding tissue necrosis.

主要发病机制尚不清楚，不过受累血管往往可见细胞浸润及周围组织坏死。

HSPs do this by enhancing the " stickiness" of lymphocytes, enabling them to adhere to and squeeze through blood vessel walls so they can reach the areas where infection is raging.

HSPs 通过增强细胞黏性来达到这一目，使它们能够粘附并通过血管壁，到达传染病肆虐部位。

He started doing this work, for example, well before the human genome was mapped and well before there was a way to manipulate immune cells, or lymphocytes, outside of the body.

例如，早在人类基因组被绘制出来之前，早在有办法控制体外免疫细胞或细胞之前，他就开始这项工作了。